Aclands Anatomy Extra Notes Flashcards
What does the petrous part of temporal contain?
Structures of the inner and middle ear
What is the big groove behind the jugular foramen for?
Sigmoid sinus - main venous drainage channel for the brain
Which ligament holds the dens in place?
Transverse ligament of the atlas
And above by the 2 alar ligaments
What types of joints are the intervertebral joints?
Synovial joints
Have synovial fluid between them contained within a fibrous joint capsule and articular cartilage lining them
What are intervertebral discs made of?
Fibrocartilage
What is the nuchal ligament?
Sheet of strong fibrous tissue that extends from the spinous process of the first thoracic vertebra to the external occipital protuberance
What does the nuchal ligament limit?
Forward flexion of the head and cervical spine
What is the anterior longitudinal ligament?
Broad band running the whole length of the vertebral column, connecting the fronts of the vertebral bodies. Ends at the tubercle on the arch of the atlas.
What is the posterior longitudinal ligament?
Runs down the backs of the vertebral bodies inside the vertebral canal. Much broader and thicker in the neck than lower down.
What is the highest part of the posterior longitudinal ligament?
Tectorial membrane - attaches to base of occiput and body of axis
What ligament lies directly beneath the tectorial membrane?
Transverse ligament of atlas
Where does the transverse ligament attach?
Attached on each side to a tubercle on the atlas
What does the transverse ligament do?
Stops dens from being displaced backwards
What does the transverse ligament give off?
A superior band to the base of the occiput
Inferior band downwards to the body of the axis
These are the cruciform ligament
Where do the alar ligaments attach?
Odontoid process to inside of occipital condyles
What do alar ligaments prevent?
Limit rotation of the head, especially in lateral flexion
What are the arches of the regular cervical vertebrae held together by?
Strips of yellow fibrocartilage - ligamentum flavum
What are the arches of the atlas and axis and foramen magnum edges held together by?
Loose and flexible sleeves of fibrous tissue - Atlanto-occipital and atlanto-axial ligaments
What are the suboccipital muscles?
Rectus capitus minor and major
Obliquus capitus superior and inferior
What are the anterior neck muscles?
Longus capitis, longus cervicis, scalene muscles
What are the posterior neck muscles?
Semispinalis muscle, splenius, trapezius
SCM
Where does the maxillary nerve go through from foramen rotundum?
Pterygomaxillary fissure
