Acids Flashcards
What are acids?
Complex chemicals consisting of one or more hydrogen atoms that can be replaced by metal atoms and acidic residues
What are some common chemical properties of acids?
1.Dissociation and Decomposition
2. They also interact with the following: Metals, Bases, Salts, and Basic and Amphoteric oxides.
What is dissociation?
This is when an acid dissociates to form hydrogen cations and anions of the acid residues.
What does the ability to dissociate lead to, in terms of acids?
It leads to acids being divided into Well dissociating (Strong) acids and Low Dissociating (Weak) acids.
What is Decomposition in relation to acids?
This is when oxygen containing acids break down to produce acid oxides and water
Do all acids decompose the same?
No, some require heating or radiation (HCl, HNO3, H3PO4) while others spontaneously decompose (H2CO3, H2SO3, HNO2).
Which metals can displace hydrogen from acids?
Li, Rb, K, Ba, Sc, Ca, Na, Mg, Al, Mn, Zn, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Pb
Which metals cannot displace hydrogen atoms from acids?
Sb, Cu, Hg, Ag, Pt, Au
How does Sodium react to diluted Nitric acid?
Sodium(Na):
forms NaNO3 + NH4NO3+ H2O
How does Aluminum react to Dilute Nitric acid?
Aluminum (Al):
forms Al(NO3)3 + depending on conc + N2O, NH4NO3 + H2O
How does Zinc and Magnesium react to dilute Nitric Acid?
They form a salt (M(NO3)2) + depending on conc + NO2, NO, N2O, N2, NH4NO3 + H2O.
How does Coppe and Iron react to diluted Nitric Acid?
They form a salt Cu(NO3)2 + NO + H2O
How does Sodium react to concentrated Nitric Acid?
it forms NaNO3 + N2O + H2O
How does Aluminum and Iron react to concentrated Nitric Acid?
In cold - Passivation
How does Copper react to concentrated Nitric Acid?
It forms Cu(NO3)2 + NO2 + H20
