Acid and Base disorders Flashcards
What is the normal blood gas value of PCO2
40 mmHg
What is the normal blood gas value of HCO3 (bicarb)
24 mEq/L
Where is the majority of bicarb reabsorbed in the body?
proximal tubule
Where is the majority of H+ excretion taking place in the body?
distal tubule
-also where bicarb is generated
What is the interpretation for metabolic acidosis?
PCO2 should decrease by 1.25 times the fall in plasma HCO3
What is the primary change and compensation mechanism for metabolic acidosis
decreased HCO3, decreased PCO2
What is the primary change and compensation mechanism for metabolic alkalosis
increased HCO3, increased PCO2
What is the primary change and compensation mechanism for respiratory acidosis
increased PCO2, increased HCO3
What is the primary change and compensation mechanism for respiratory alkalosis
decreased PCO2, decreased HCO3
What is the anion gap equation?
Na - (Cl + HCO3)
-normal range ~10
What acid base imbalance is caused in salicylate toxicity?
respiratory alkalosis and metabolic acidosis
How do you dose bicarbonate?
dose (mEq) = (0.5 L/kg x IBW) X (12 mEq/L -actual HCO3)
-give 1/3 to 1/2 the calculated dose
what are the main culprits in saline responsive alkalosis?
diuretic therapy, vomiting & NG suction