Achievment Motivation

Question 1

What is Achievement Motivation

Answer 1

The desire with which competitive situations are approached or avoided. Summed up as ‘the desire to succeed minus the fear of failure’. The degree of competitiveness can be a personality trait and/or it can be
developed through sporting experiences and change with the situation.

Question 2

Atkinson suggested 2 personality types

Answer 2

■ 1- Approach Behaviour: Approaches competition with enthusiasm- asks to take the penalty
■ 2- Avoidance Behaviour: Tries to avoid the competition- at the back of the group for the penalties

Question 3

NACH approach behaviour characteristics

Answer 3

■ The need to achieve.
■ Welcome competition.
■ They take risks.
■ Welcome feedback and evaluation.
■ Like a challenge.
■ Task Persistent- Try harder after failure.
■ Confident
■ Attribute success internally
■ Base their actions on seeking pride and satisfaction from their performance

Question 4

NAF avoidance behaviour characteristics

Answer 4

■ The need to avoid failure. ■ Avoid competition.
■ Take the easy option.
■ Give up easily.
■ Do not like feedback or evaluation
■ Do not take responsibility for their actions

Question 5

Interaction

Answer 5

The combination of the situational and personality factors that decide the level of achievement motivation

Question 6

What determines NACH or NAF

Answer 6

■ Approach behaviour depends on the interaction of personality and the situation
■ The need to achieve or avoid failure are situation specific

Question 7

Personality characteristics

Answer 7

Need to achieve or avoid failure
Introvert or Extrovert
Confidence
Innate or developed
Aggression/ Arousal/ Anxiety

Question 8

Situation characteristics

Answer 8

Probability of Success- Easy or Hard
Incentive Value- High or low incentive
Familiar or unfamiliar environment
High Risk = High Reward

Question 9

Situation

Answer 9

■ Probability of Success in task- high chance leads to high motivation, low
chance then people give up, lack motivation

Question 10

Incentive value

Answer 10

reward gained from the task, high value reward leads to high motivation, low value rewards then people give up, lack motivation

Question 11

How to develop the need to achieve

Answer 11

Attribute success internally-
■Tell the player that success is due to them, their effort, technique and skills
Use Reinforcement-
■A coach could offer praise and rewards to players who do well or achieve goals, this
maintains motivation and promotes task persistence
Set Goals-
■Goals should be realistic and achievable which means satisfaction is gained and Process or Outcome Goals
Improve confidence/self-efficacy-
Allow Success-
■Encourage belief and motivation to improve confidence by setting easy drills

Question 12

Achievement Goal Theory

Answer 12

Motivation and Task persistence depend on the type of goals set and how they success is measured

Task related :

■ Measure the process of success against the performers own standards
■ Regardless of the result success can be achieved and confidence maintained

Outcome related :

■ Doesn’t matter how the result is achieved as long as the goal is reached
■ If the performer succeeds pride and satisfaction are maintained
■ If they fail confidence and motivation can be lowered

Question 13

Attribute retraining

Answer 13

Changing the reasons given for success and failure