Achievement Motivation Flashcards
Achievement Motivation
The desire with which competitive situations are approached or avoided
Atkinson’s 2 Personality Types
- Approach Behaviour
- Avoidance Behaviour
Approach Behaviour
Approaches competition with enthusiasm (asks to take penalty)
Avoidance Behaviour
Tries to avoid the competition - doesn’t want to take a penalty
Need to Achieve (NACH)
- Welcome Competition
- They take risks
- Welcome feedback and evaluation
- Like a challenge
- Task Persistent (try harder after failure)
- Confident
- Attribute success internally
- Base their actions on seeking pride and satisfaction from their performance
Need to Avoid Failure (NAF)
- Avoid Competition
- Take the easy option
- Give up easily
- Doesn’t like feedback or evaluation
- Doesn’t take responsibility for their actions
Interaction
The combination of situational and personality factors that decide the level of achievement motivation
Personality Factors
- NACH or NAF
- Introvert or Extrovert
- Confidence
- Innate or Developed
- Aggression/Arousal/Anxiety
Situational Factors
- Probability of Success
- Incentive Value
- Familiar or unfamiliar
- High Risk = High Reward
Probability of Success
Higher chance of success leads to higher motivation. Lower chance means (NAF) give up easily, low motivation
Incentive Value
Reward gained from task. A high value rewards leads to high motivation whereas low value rewards means (NAF) give up easily, low motivation
How to develop NACH
- Attribute success internally
- Use reinforcement
- Set attainable goals
- Improve confidence/self efficacy
- Allow success
Attribute success internally
Tell the player that success is due to them, their effort, technique and skills
Use reinforcement
A coach could give praise and rewards to players who do well or achieve goals, this maintains motivation and promotes task persistence
Set attainable goals
- Goals should be realistic and achievable which means satisfaction is gained when reached
- Process or Outcome goals
