ACCOUNTING Flashcards

1
Q

shows the financial condition/position of a business as
of a given period. It consists of assets, liabilities, and
equity.

A

Statement of Financial Position or Balance Sheet

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2
Q

shows the results of operations for a given
period of time. It consists of the revenue, cost, and
expenses.

A

Income Statement or Statement of Comprehensive
Income

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3
Q

summarizes the cash
receipts and cash disbursements for the accounting
period.

It summarizes the cash activities of the
business by classifying cash inflows (receipts) and
cash outflows (payments or disbursements) into
operating, investing, and financing activities. It shows
the net increase or decrease of cash in a given period
and the cash balance at the end of the period. This
allows management to assess the business’ ability of
generate cash and project future cash flows.

A

statement of cash flows

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4
Q

This
allows management to assess the business’ ability of
generate cash and project future cash flows.

A

statement of cash flows

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5
Q

shows the changes
in the capital or owner’s equity as a result of additional
investment or withdrawals by the owner, plus or minus
the net income or net loss for the year.

A

statement of changes in equity

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6
Q

are the
supplemental notes that are included with the
published financial statements of a company. The
notes are used to explain the assumptions used to
prepare the numbers in the financial statements, as
well as the accounting policies adopted by the
company. They help different types of users, such as
financial analysts and investors, to interpret all the
numbers added to the financial statements.

A

Notes to the Financial Statements

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7
Q

They help different types of users, such as
financial analysts and investors, to interpret all the
numbers added to the financial statements.

A

Notes to the Financial Statements

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8
Q

Are present economic resources controlled by an entity as a
result of past events. An economic resource is a right that has
the potential to produce economic benefits.

A

assets

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9
Q

type of asset that is Expected to be realized in, or is intended for sale or
consumption in the entity’s normal operating cycle;

A

current assets

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10
Q

type of asset that is held primarily for the purposes of trading

A

current asset

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11
Q

type of asset that is Expected to be realized within twelve months of the
balance sheet date; or
Cash or cash equivalent unless it is restricted from
being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least
twelve months after the balance sheet date.

A

current asset

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12
Q

cash – coins, currencies, checks, bank deposits, and
other cash items readily available for use in the
operations of the business.

A

current assets

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13
Q

Cash equivalents – are short-term, highly liquid
investments that are readily convertible to known
amounts of cash which are subject to an insignificant
risk to changes in value.

A

current assets

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14
Q

Marketable securities – are stocks and bonds
purchased by an enterprise and are to be held for only
a short span of time or duration. They are usually
purchased when a business has excess cash.

A

current asset

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15
Q

amount collectible
from the customer to whom sales have been
made or services have been rendered on
account or credit.

A

accounts receivable

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16
Q

promissory note issued by
the client or the customer in exchange for
services or goods received as evidence of
his/her obligation to pay.

A

notes receivable

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17
Q

amount of interest
collectible on promissory notes received from
customers or clients.

A

interest receivable

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18
Q

certain amount of
money loaned to employees payable in cash
or through salary deductions.

A

Advances to employees

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19
Q

– income already earned buy
not yet collected.

A

Accrued income

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20
Q

represent the value of unsold goods at
the end of the accounting period.

A

inventory

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21
Q

include supplies bought for use in
the business or services and benefits to be received by
the business in the future for which payment has been
made in advance.

A

prepaid expenses

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22
Q

are accounts deducted form
the related asset accounts.

A

contra-asset accounts

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23
Q

losses due
to uncollectible accounts. This is deducted
from the accounts receivable account to get
the net realizable value of accounts
receivable.

A

Allowance for doubtful accounts

24
Q

represents the
expired cost of property, plant, and equipment
as a result of usage and passage of time. This
is deducted from the cost of the related asset
account to get the carrying amount or book
value of the asset.

A

Accumulated depreciation

25
Long-term investments are assets held by the enterprise for the accretion of wealth through capital distribution such as interests, royalties, dividends, and rentals, for capital appreciation or for other benefits to the investing enterprise such as those obtained through trading relationships.
non-current assets
26
Property, plant, and equipment are tangible assets that are held by the enterprise for use in the production or supply of goods or services, or for administration purposes. These assets are expected to be used for more than one accounting period. ex: Land b. Building c. Equipment d. Furniture and fixtures
non-current asset
27
Intangible assets – identifiable, non-monetary assets without physical substance held for use in the production or supply of goods or services, for rental to others, or for administrative purposes. These include goodwill, patents, copyrights, licenses, franchises, trademarks, brand names, secret processes, subscription lists, and non-competition agreements.
non-current assets
28
is a present obligation of an entity to transfer an economic resource as a result of past events.
liability
29
It is expected to be settled within the entity’s normal operating cycle; 2. It is held primarily for the purpose of being traded; 3. It is due to be settled within twelve months after the balance sheet date; or 4. The entity does not have an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the balance sheet date.
current liability
30
is prepared by the seller of the goods and sent to the buyer.
sales invoice
31
a document issued by the carrier- a trucking, shipping, or airline- that specifies the contractual conditions and terms of delivery such as freight terms, time, place, and the person named to receive the goods.
bill of lading
32
is a formal notice to the debtor detailing the accounts already due; commonly used by service businesses
statement of account
33
evidences the receipt of cash by the seller or the authorized representative. It notes the accounts being paid and other details of the payment.
official receipt
34
a written request to the purchaser of an entity from an employee or user department of the same entity that goods be purchased.
Purchase requisition
35
an authorization made by the buyer to the seller to deliver the merchandise as detailed in the form.
Purchase order
36
encourage the buyer to purchase products in greater quantity.
Trade discounts No entry is made in the accounting books to record trade discounts. Instead, all accounting entries are based on the invoice price.
37
are given to encourage prompt payments; reducing the amount of resources tied up in accounts receivable.
Cash discounts
38
is primarily used by businesses that sell relatively inexpensive goods and that are not yet using computerized scanning systems to analyze cost of goods sold.
periodic inventory system
39
no entries are made to the inventory account as the merchandise are bought and sold.
periodic inventory system
40
is an alternative to the periodic inventory system.
Perpetual inventory system
41
the inventory account is continuously updated. is advisable for firms that sell low volume, high priced goods such as motor vehicles, jewelry and furniture.
Perpetual inventory system
42
the effects of transactions and other events are recognized when they occur and not as cash is received or paid.
Accrual basis
43
transactions are not recorded until cash is received or paid.
Cash basis
44
cash receipts are treated as revenues and cash payments as expenses.
45
The only way to know how successfully a business has operated is to close its doors, sell all its assets, pay the liabilities, and return any excess cash to the owners.
liquidation
46
not a practical way of measuring business performance.
periodicity concept
47
To provide timely information, accountants have divided the economic life of a business into artificial time periods. This assumption is referred to as the
periodicity concept.
48
a period of any twelve consecutive months
Fiscal year
49
12-month period ending December 31
Calendar year
50
12-month period that ends when business activities are at their lowest level of the annual cycle.
Natural business year
51
a period of less that one year
Interim period
52
are expenditures paid in advance. These prepayments are assets, not expenses.
Prepaid expenses
53
is the amount that the entity has paid to acquire the depreciable asset.
Asset cost
54
the amount that the asset can probably be sold for at the end of its useful life.
Estimated salvage value
55
the estimated number of periods that an entity can make use of an asset.
Estimated useful life