Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Vision Therapy > Accommodative Theory & Programming > Flashcards

Accommodative Theory & Programming Flashcards

1
Q

What is the 1st line treatment for accommodative insufficiency/ill-sustained accommodation?

A

plus at near

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Is VT a good option for accommodative insufficiency/ill-sustained accommodation?

A

yes, in combination with or following plus lenses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which accommodative dysfunction is VT the least effective for?

A

accommodative spasm/excess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which accommodative dysfunction is VT the most effective for?

A

accommodative infacility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the difference between accommodative spasm and excess?

A

excess is milder than a spasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Why are plus lenses less useful in accommodative spasm/excess than in insufficiency/ill-sustained?

A

patients physiologically still over-accommodate just blur with plus lenses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are three purposes of accommodative therapy?

A

improvement and enhancement of accommodative function, ability to identify objects at different distances under different dioptric demands, and increase range of function and allow for flexibility with other visual skills

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the progression of accommodative therapy?

A

monocular –> bi-ocular –> binocular; make monocular skills equal b/w the eyes, make monocular skills meet norms in each eye (or at least close)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

T/F accommodative skills should be in all VT programs

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Change in accommodation –>

A

change in accommodative vergence and change in fusional vergence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

T/F BV/accommodative/tracking conditions rarely occur in isolation

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does -1.00 OU do to the accommodative/vergence system?

A

stimulates accommodation, increases accommodative vergence, when target becomes double patient uses NFV to keep target single

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are accommodation improvement areas?

A

ability/accuracy, speed, range, stamina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is ability/accuracy?

A

ability to have a normal accommodative response with different distances and different dioptric demands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What accommodative dysfunction is ability/accuracy particularly important for?

A

AE/spasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How is ability/accuracy measured clinically?

A

lag testing, MEM and FCC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How do you train ability/accuracy?

A

emphasize the feeling of accommodation, look hard vs look soft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

When should you emphasize accommodative ability/accuracy?

A

early in VT program

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Patient needs to focus on ___ throughout the ability/accuracy accommodative procedures

A

clarity of vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are activities for ability/accuracy?

A

ability to… clear lenses during MAR/BAR loose lens rock, see letters clearly on the near and far Hart charts, clear and blur target during mental minus, sort lenses accurately by power using visual cues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is accommodative speed?

A

ability to stimulate or relax accommodation quickly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What accommodative dysfunction is speed improvement important for?

A

accommodative infacility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How is speed measured clinically?

A

facility testing +/- 2.00D and distance/near accommodative rock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How do you train speed?

A

work on improvement in how fast patient can make the change; using lenses–change between plus and minus, increasing speed; using distance– change between near and far, increasing speed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

When do you emphasize speed?

A

after accuracy, remember practice makes permanent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

During speed, patient should focus on…

A

rapidity of accommodative response, patient should feel the effort

27
Q

What is accommodative range?

A

ability to use the full amount of accommodation that is normal for the patient’s age

28
Q

What accommodative dysfunction is range particularly important for?

A

AI

29
Q

How is range measured clinically?

A

amplitude testing, push-up/pull-away or minus lens amplitude

30
Q

How is range calculated?

A

Hofstetter’s formulae

31
Q

What are two ways to train range?

A

using lenses and using distance

32
Q

How does using lenses train accommodative range?

A

increase the amount of lens power, higher minus= more amp needed

33
Q

Why do you need to consider the working distance for using lenses to train accommodative range?

A

high plus is problematic because the working distance moves toward the nose, maximum plus +3.00

34
Q

How does using distance train accommodative range?

A

increase/decrease working distance because closer=more amp needed

35
Q

Why should you be hesitant to change too much of accommodative range during a VT session?

A

too rapid often= poor maintenance of gains, the exception is when the activity needs to be easier

36
Q

What are examples of accommodative range activities?

A

increase lens power in MAR/BAR/loose lens rock, increase distances during NFHC, increase range of powers during lens sortin

37
Q

What is accommodative stamina?

A

the ability to maintain accommodative state over time

38
Q

What accommodative dysfunction is stamina particularly important for?

A

AI/ill-sustained accommodation

39
Q

T/F stamina is not measured directly in clinical setting

A

true, only indirectly

40
Q

How is stamina indirectly measured in a clinical setting?

A

facility– does the patient fatigue over time, amplitude– does the amp change throughout the exam, near VA– does the near VA change throughout the exam?

41
Q

How can you train accommodative stamina?

A

perform accommodative therapies for an extended period of time and increase accommodative demand throughout the therapy activity

42
Q

How can you increase the accommodative demand throughout the therapy activity?

A

increase minus lens power, increase lens range, increase distance range

43
Q

When should you emphasize stamina?

A

throughout the VT program

44
Q

When should you emphasize range?

A

emphasize each week with changes

45
Q

What are examples of increasing accommodative stamina?

A

perform MAR for at least 5 minutes per eye, perform at least 10 cycles (blur-clear-blur) per lens on mental minus, complete entire chart multiple times with each eye on NFHC

46
Q

What direction should you work in?

A

the direction of difficulty first (after determining current ability) aka focus on relaxing with AE/spasm and focus on stimulating with AI

47
Q

Which comes first, accuracy or range?

A

accuracy

48
Q

Which comes first, range or speed?

A

range, greater amps before greater facility

49
Q

What do you need to emphasize during all accommodation therapy?

A

the FEELING of accommodation, hard when stimulating, soft when relaxing

50
Q

What are examples of physiological feedback for look hard/soft?

A

shoulders scrunched, muscles tight, brow furrowed, etc

51
Q

How do you know if the patient is fatiguing?

A

performance slows over time

52
Q

Do you care about diplopia during accommodative tasks?

A

yes! Is the patient supposed to be double? (bi-ocular) or can you do anything to make the target single again?

53
Q

What are the general accommodative feedback mechanisms?

A

feeling, fatigue, diplopia, suppression, SILO, and blur

54
Q

With minus lenses, the patient should perceive…

A

small/in

55
Q

With plus lenses, the patient should perceive…

A

large/out

56
Q

What does blur tell you during accommodative therapy?

A

patient is over or under-using accommodation

57
Q

How can you make accommodative therapy easier?

A

decrease range, increase print size, move the working distance further

58
Q

How can you make accommodative therapy more challenging?

A

increase the range, decrease the print size, change the working distance

59
Q

Therapy must be…

A

patient driven

60
Q

How can you keep vision therapy patient driven?

A

have the patient hold targets and flip lenses when appropriate, emphasize the feeling of changes, and allow for success

61
Q

You need to spread out your activities over the major visual skills for oculomotor and accommodative VT, those skills are…

A

accommodative, oculomotor, gross motor

62
Q

What are the feedback mechanisms from the review points?

A

motor overflow, blur, diplopia, visual awareness

63
Q

What is the order of accommodative improvement?

A

ability/accuracy –> speed –> range –> stamina

Vision Therapy (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions