Abuse of Illicit Drugs

Question 1

What age group has highest illicit drug use?

Answer 1

teens and 20s

Question 2

After alcohol ___ has the highest rate of abuse.

Answer 2

marijuana

other than marijuana, the use of illicit drugs has declined or remained stable

Question 3

Amphetamine toxicity:

___ is rapidly fatal in pts with drug-induced delirium.

Answer 3

hyperthermia

Question 4

IV or IM ___ are used to treat amphetamine agitation/delirium.

Answer 4

benzodiazepines

Question 5

What drug is used to treat status epilepticus in amphetamine toxicity?

Answer 5

propofol

requires endotracheal intubation

Question 6

Activated charcoal can be used for gastric elimination of recent amphetamine ingestion.

a. true
b. false

Answer 6

a. true

Question 7

What drug is approved as topical anesthesia of cutaneous lacerations or during otolaryngology procedures as a vasoconstrictor and topical anesthetic?

Answer 7

cocaine

Question 8

What is the MOA of cocaine?

Answer 8

blocks reuptake of biogenic amines (dopamine, NE, epinephrine, serotonin)

Question 9

A “washed out” syndrome described by dopamine depletion occurs with which drug?

Answer 9

cocaine

anhedonia and lethargic, but aroused with minimal stimulation and remain cognitively intact

Question 10

What are mainstays in treatment of acute cocaine toxicity?

Answer 10

supportive care

sedation

Question 11

Narrow angle glaucoma/vision loss are signs of acute __ toxicity.

Answer 11

cocaine

Question 12

Heroin is more effective than hydromorphone for pain

a. true
b. false

Answer 12

b. false

Question 13

What is the most frequently abused opiate?

Answer 13

heroin

Question 14

Which drug causes abnormal HPA axis, irregular menses, sexual dysfunction, irritability and aggression upon withdrawal?

Answer 14

heroin

Question 15

How often do experienced heroin users inject?

Answer 15

2-4 times/day

effects will last 3-5 hours

Question 16

Which morphine metabolite is active?

M6G or M3G

Answer 16

M6G

Question 17

Heroin via the PO route results in ___-dependent increases in Cpss with Cmax about 1 hour

Answer 17

dose

Question 18

Does a higher Cpss of morphine occur from morphine or heroin?

Answer 18

heroin

Question 19

Does an opioid dependent or naive person reach higher Cpss?

Answer 19

dependent

Question 20

Which illicit drug is used off-label for fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, and depression?

Answer 20

GHB

Question 21

GHB increases the synthesis and release of dopamine through mesolimbic pathway and increases ___ turnover in the brain

Answer 21

serotonin

Question 22

What drug is derived from the seeds of the morning glory plant?

Answer 22

lysergic acid diethyl amide (LSD)

Question 23

Which illicit drug is structurally similar to serotonin, stimulates serotonin and dopamine receptors, and modulates NMDA receptor mediated effects?

Answer 23

LSD

Question 24

Which illicit drugs block NMDA receptors in the brain with high affinity?

Answer 24

phencyclidine (PCP) and ketamine

functionally and electrophysiologically dissociate the somatosensory cortex from higher centers

Question 25

Which illicit drugs cause intense abdominal and pelvic pain?

Answer 25

PCP

ketamine

Question 26

Tolerance to inhalants may develop with weekly use in as little as __ months.

Answer 26

3

Question 27

Which is more potent ketamine or PCP?

Answer 27

PCP

ketamine 10% potency of PCP

Question 28

Inhalants are highly lipophilic.

a. true
b. false

Answer 28

a. true

rapid crossing of BBB

Question 29

Fatality from amphetamine or cocaine toxicity originates from which organ system?

Answer 29

cardiovascular

Question 30

What is active heroin metabolite?

Answer 30

morphine

Question 31

What is active morphine metabolite?

Answer 31

M6G

Question 32

Which illicit drug was recently FDA approved for treatment resistant depression?

Answer 32

ketamine