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Pediatrics > Abuse & Neglect > Flashcards

Abuse & Neglect Flashcards

1
Q

Define Child Abuse

A

Serious injury inflicted upon a child by a parent or caretaker

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2
Q

Major Types of Child Abuse

A

Physical abuse
Sexual abuse
Emotional abuse
Child neglect

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3
Q

Most common perpetrators in child abuse

A

Biological parents
Nonbiological parents/partners
Other adult

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4
Q

Risk Factors for Child Abuse

A

Young or single parents
Lower levels of education
Abusers were abused themselves as children
Drugs/alcohol addiction and/or psychiatric illness

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5
Q

Environment of Child Abusers

A

Stress factors within the family
Social isolation
Distant or absent extended family
Accepting violence as a means of problem solving

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6
Q

Children More Likely to be Victims

A

Younger than 3
Past abuse
Children with speech/language disorders, learning disabilities, non-conduct psych problems
Children with handicaps, chronic illness
Hyperactive, adopted, & step-children

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7
Q

Most prevalent form of child abuse

A

Child neglect

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8
Q

Define Child Neglect

A

Failure to provide for a child’s basic physical, emotional, education, or medical needs

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9
Q

Types of Child Neglect

A

Physical neglect
Emotional neglect
Educational neglect
Medical neglect

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10
Q

Management of Child Neglect

A

Identify/recognize the problem

Discuss with family/interdisciplinary team

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11
Q

Management of Cases of Medical Neglect

A

Simplify care as much as possible
Give written instructions
Remove barriers to access

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12
Q

Why hospitalize a patient for child neglect?

A

Serious medical conditions
Protect the child
Observe parent/child interaction

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13
Q

Clinical Manifestations of Child Neglect

A 
Orofacial injuries
Bruises
Bite marks
Burns
Fractures
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14
Q

Types of Orofacial Injuries in Child Neglect

A 
Intraoral injuries
Burns
Maxilla, mandible, or facial bone fractures
Oropharyngeal gonorrhea or syphilis
Black eyes
Basilar skull fracture
Bruising/scarring corners of the mouth
Traumatic alopecia
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15
Q

Bruises in Abused Children

A

In clusters
In pattern of an implement suggest inflected injury
Ligature marks or rope burns

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16
Q

Differential Diagnosis of Bruises

A

Bleeding disorders
Salicylate ingestion
Henoch-Schonlein purpura
Mongolian spots

17
Q

Types of Burns

A 
Brands/contact burns
Cigarette burns
Immersion burns
Microwave oven burns
Stun gun burns
18
Q

Reason to Suspect Fractures

A

Doesn’t fit explanation

Multiple stages of healing

19
Q

Differential Diagnosis of Burns

A

Phyophotodermatitis
Complementary & alternative therapies
Congenital insensitivity to pain

20
Q

What are some complementary and alternative therapies?

A

Garlic applied to skin
Cupping
Coining
Moxibustion

21
Q

What to assess in the PE

A

Skin lesions, swelling, deformity
Bone tenderness
Retinal hemorrhages
Trauma to genitals or mouth

22
Q

Parental behaviors that may lead to child abuse

A

Arguing, roughness, or violence
Aloofness/lack of emotional intersection
Inappropriate response to severity of injury
Inappropriate delay in seeking medical care
Partial/frank confession by parent

23
Q

Lab/Studies to Diagnose Child Abuse

A 
CBC, PT, PTT
CMP
UA- hematuria
Toxicology
Skeletal survey
Neuro-imaging
Ophthalmologic exam
24
Q

Define Sexual Assault

A

Attempted sexual touching of another person without their consent & includes sexual intercourse, sodomy, and fondling

25
Q

Define Sexual Abuse For Children

A

When a child engages in sexual activity for which he/she cannot give consent, is unprepared for developmentally, cannot comprehend, and/or an activity that violates the law or social taboos of society

26
Q

Sexual Abuse Includes

A 
Fondling
Oral-genital, genital, or anal contact with a child
Exhibitionism
Voyeurism
Involving child in porn
27
Q

Define Exhibitionism

A

Man/woman shows naked body to another

28
Q

Define Voyeurism

A

Peepers looking at naked children

29
Q

Presentation of Sexual Abuse

A 
Stomach ache
Sore throat
Rectal/genital bleeding
STIs
Pregnancy
Rectal/genital trauma
30
Q

Goals of Evaluation of Sexual Abuse in Child

A 
Identify injuries
Screen/diagnose STIs
Evaluate/reduce risk of pregnancy
Document findings
Gather evidence
31
Q

Children who witness intimate partner show an increase in what?

A 
Aggression/conduct disorders
Impulsivity
Anxiety/intrusive thoughts
Disrupted sleep patterns and depression
PTSD
May lead to risky behavior
32
Q

Screening for Child Abuse/Neglect

A

RADAR

33
Q

What does RADAR stand for?

A

R- routinely screen patients for abuse
A- ask direct questions
D- document your findings
A- assess safety of victim & children
R- review options/referrals/ reporting requirements

34
Q

Barriers to Reporting Child Abuse/Neglect

A

Alternative strategies could be more effective than CPS
Inadequate training
Cultural attitudes
Perception that CPS ineffective

35
Q

Types of Child Neglect

A

Physical neglect
Emotional neglect
Educational neglect
Medical neglect

36
Q

Approach to Neglect

A

Discuss with caregivers the concerns
Team approach
Reportable

37
Q

Emotional Abuse

A 
Rejecting
Isolating
Terrorizing
Ignoring
Corrupting
Verbal assault or spurning
Over pressuring
38
Q

Emotional Disturbance Clinical Features of Emotionally Abused Children

A

Anxiety
Depression
Agitation
Fearfulness

39
Q

Social Withdrawal Clinical Features of Emotionally Abused Child

A

Running away from home
Developmental delay
Drug or alcohol problems
Eating disorders

Pediatrics (23 decks)

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