Absorption of molecules Flashcards
What is sucrose and what enzyme breaks it down
glucose + fructose
sucrase
What is lactose and what enzyme breaks it down
glucose + galactose
lactase
What is maltose and what enzyme breaks it down
glucose + glucose
maltase
What enzymes breaks down starch
amalyases
What bonds do analyses break
alpha1-4 bonds
what type of reaction is used to break up starch
hydrolysis
Where are analyses produced
saliva glands
pancreas
Difference between cellulose and starch
Glucose molecules in starch joined by alpha1-4 bonds
Glucose molecules in cellulose joined by beta1-4 bonds
name of columnar cell of villi
enterocyte
how many membranes does an enterocyte have and their names
2 membranes
apical-on the top
basolateral- sides and bottom
transcellular route
movement through the cell
paracellular route
movement through the tight junction and between the cells
vectorial route
movement of non lipid soluble molecule through the cell with help from transport proteins
Through what transporter is glucose absorbed by the small intestine and what other molecule is absorbed at the same time
SGLT1
Na
Through what channel is fructose absorbed by the small intestine
GLUT-5
endopeptidases role
breaks peptides down into smaller ones from the middle
exopeptidases role
breaks down peptises into amino acids from the end
Where in the cell are fatty acids and monoglycerides recombined
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
What is a extracellular fat droplet
chylomicron
Where do chylomicrons enter after leaving the epithelial cell
lacteal
where in GI tract is iron absorbed
duodenum
which transporter takes up iron
DMT1
what complex is iron stored in the enterocytes
ferritin
what does iron bind to in the blood
transferrin
