Abnormal Psych Ch. 7 Flashcards
What is the definition of mood?
a positive or negative emotional state of varying intensity that changes in response to life’s circumstances
What is the definition of feelings?
self-reported and expressed presentation of an inner emotional state
What is the definition of emotion?
the state of mind and degree of readiness to alter ones experience related to changing circumstance (motivater)
What is a affective state?
how something relates to mood, feelings, or emotions (ex: an affective disorder relates to expression of mood)
What is the definition of a depressive disorder?
a disorder that involved periods of symptoms in which an individual experiences an unusually intense sad mood
What does dysphoria mean?
an unusually “elevated” sad mood
What are the key neurotransmitters indicated in depressive disorders?
-serotonin
-norepinephrine
What is major depressive disorder?
depressive symptoms lasting 2 weeks or more. A single episode, can reoccur.
At what time does peripartum onset depression change to major depressive disorder?
two weeks
What is seasonal affective disorder?
There is a history of at least 2 years in a row which major depressive episodes occur during one season of the year and remit when the season is over
What is persistent depressive disorder?
mild depression mood for most of the day for at least 2 years. someone can have a major depressive episode while still having this condition
What is Premenstrual Dysphoric disorder?
-significant increase in distress and dysphoria during the premenstrual phase
-present in 5% of women
How can Premenstrual dysphoric disorder symptoms be lessened?
reducing caffeine, sodium and alcohol, increasing complex carbs and calcium foods
What are some Prolonged grief disorder symptoms?
-marked sense of disbelief
-avoidance of reminders for 12 months (6 months for children)
What is disruptive mood dysregulation disorder?
-chronic irritability, severe temper outbursts that are grossly out of proportion in intensity/ duration
-children 6-28
When can DMDD not be diagnosed?
cannot be diagnosed with ODD, intermittent explosive disorder, or bipolar disorder
What is mania?
a state of persistent elevated mood, impulsive actions
What is bipolar 1 disorder?
elevated, expansive or irritable mood lasting more than 1 week and additional symptoms (racing thoughts, decreased need for sleep)
What is bipolar 2 disorder?
severe depression and hypomania (mania with less severe symptoms)
What is cyclothymic disorder?
less severe but more chronic high-low fluctuations
What are the biological theories of bipolar disorders?
-strong genetic factors
-altered structure and functioning of the amygdala and prefrontal cortex
-basal ganglia shows abnormal response to rewards in the environment
What is neurotransmitter causes bipolar disorders?
dysregulation of the dopamine system
What are psychosocial contributors?
-greater sensitivity to rewards
-increased stress (both positive and negative)
-disruptions in routines
What type of bipolar disorder is most effectively controlled by medication?
Bipolar 1 with a family history of bipolar
What therapy is designed specifically for bipolar disorder?
interpersonal and social rhythm therapy, family focused thearpy
What does interpersonal and social rhythm therapy help patients do?
-main regular routines of eating, sleeping and activity
-stability in personal relationships
Are men and women equally susceptible to bipolar disorder?
yes
When does bipolar disorder develop?
late adolescence or early adulthood
What is a manic episode?
abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood WITH abnormal persistent increase in goal-directed activity or energy. persistent for minimum of 1 week (no obvious onset)
What is the main difference between bipolar 1 and bipolar 2
bipolar 2 does not have full criteria for mania (u need to have hypomania episodes)
Bipolar 1 needs to have mania, can have hypomania episodes when shifting from low to high
What is cyclothymic disorder?
2 years there have been numerous periods with hypomanic symptoms (not meeting episode status) and depressive symptoms (does not not meet depressive episode status) and they have never been met
