Abnormal Across the Lifespan pt.2 Flashcards
What is Intellectual Developmental Disorder
a broad delay in the developmental or cognitive and social functioning
How does Intellectual Developmental Disorder improve over time
when the child receives support, guidance, and is enriched in educational opportunities, children are more likely to improve if not in poverty
The DSM uses 3 criteria to diagnose Intellectual Disability, what are they?
1) deficits in intellectual functioning indicted by clinicians and standardized testing
2) evidence in impaired functioning in adaptive behaviour
3) onset (start) of the disorder in the developmental period
Approximately 1-3% of the Canadian population has an intellectual disability, what percentage of these individuals fall within the mild range
85%
Which organization classifies intellectual disability according to the intensity of support needed by the individual in various areas of functioning
the American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (AAIDD)
What are the causes of Intellectual disabilities
Biological causes (chromosomal and genetic disorders), infectious diseases, and brain damage
What is the most common cause of intellectual dsiability
mutations in paternal sperm or maternal egg cells
What is Down syndrome
an extra chromosome on the 21st pair of chromosomes, usually occurs when the egg or sperm fails to divide normally
What are some disadvantages that people with Down syndrome have
- physical problems like respiratory difficulties or heart problems
- lack proper muscle tone, making it hard for them to perform certain physical tasks
- memory deficits
- difficulty following instructions and expressing thoughts or needs
What is Klinefelter syndrome
the presence of an extra X chromosome in men, resulting in a XXY pattern (rather an XY)
What are characteristics of people with Klinefelter syndrome
Small underdeveloped testes
low sperm production and infertility
Enlarged breasts
Poor muscle development
intellectual disabilities
What is Turner syndrome
the presence of a singe X chromosome in females
What are characteristics of people with Turners syndrome
ovaries are poorly developed
Reduced amounts of estrogen
Shorter than average
Infertile
Intellectual disability (math and science)
What is Fragile X syndrome
the most common type of inherited intellectual disability that is caused by a mutated gene on the X sex chromosome
What are the effects of Fragile X syndrome
learning disabilities and intellectual disabilities to bad that those effected can hardly speak or function
