Abdominal Viscera: Liver, pancreas and spleen Flashcards
Where does the liver develop embryologically? What is it derived from?
Develops in the ventral mesentery of the foregut.
Foregut derived
What is the spleen derived from embryologically?
Mesoderm
What does the ventral mesentery contain during embryological development?
Liver
Gallbladder
Part of pancreas
What does the dorsal mesentery contain during embryological development?
Part of pancreas
Spleen
During embryological development, what does the falciform ligament contain?
Umbilical vein
What is the lesser sac? What are its borders?
Area of peritoneal cavity behind the stomach
Anterior: stomach and lesser omentum
Posterior: Peritoneum (behind are pancreas, left kidney and adrenal gland)
Superior: Liver
Inferior: Greater omentum
What is the epiploic foramen?
The hole in the peritoneum providing the only access to the lesser sac in an adult.
What is the greater sac?
Everything in the peritoneal cavity apart from the lesser sac.
Consists of supracolic and infracolic compartments
What are the supracolic and infracolic compartments?
Supracolic: region of the greater sac that is superior to the transverse colon and anterior to greater omentum.
Infracolic: region of the greater sac that is inferior to the transverse colon and posterior to greater omentum.
What are the surface anatomy markings of the liver
Inferior border: costal margin (may be palpable in epigastric region)
Superior border: diaphragm, roughly 5th rib in mid-clavicular line
What holds the liver in position against the diaphragm?
Peritoneum, except in an area where the liver has grown out of the ventral mesentery= bare area (no peritoneal covering)
What is the falciform ligament? Where is it?
Remnant of the umbilical vein, sits within the falciform ligament of the liver.
What are the 4 anatomical lobes of the liver?
Right, left, caudate, quadrate
What does the cystic artery supply? What does it come off?
Supplies gall bladder
Comes off right hepatic artery
What is the portal vein formed from? Where is it formed?
Superior mesenteric vein joining the splenic vein behind the neck of the pancreas