Abdo Anatomy- Intro Flashcards
Where does the abdominal cavity extend from?
Diaphragm to the pelvic girdle.
Horizontal planes:
Vertebral levels
Transpyloric plane: Through pylorus L1
Subcostal plane: below ribs, L3
Supracristal: L4, highest point of pelvis
Transtubercular: L5
Which planes divide the abdomen into 9 regions?
Mid-clavicular
Subcostal (L3)
Transtubercular (L5)
What are the attachments and function of the rectus abdominis?
Flexes the vertebral column
Stabilises pelvis during walking
Separates down linea alba during pregnancy
Compresses abdominal contents
Crest of pubis to xiphoid process and costal cartilage 5-7
What does the lower portion of the external oblique attach to? What does this form?
ASIS to pubic tubercle
Inguinal ligament
Rectus Abdominis:
Location
Innervation
Functions
Crest of pubis-> xiphoid process and CC of ribs 5-7
T7-T11 thoracoabdominal nerves
Compresses abdominal viscera, stabilises pelvis during walking
External oblique:
Location
Innervation
Functions
Ribs -> iliac crest, pubic tubercle & linea alba
T7-T11 thoracoabdominal and subcostal T12 nerves
Contralateral rotation of the torso
Internal oblique:
Location
Innervation
Functions
Inguinal ligament, iliac crest and lumbodorsal fascia -> ribs
T7-T11 thoracoabdominal and subcostal T12 nerves
Unilateral contraction = ipsilateral rotation of torso
Bilateral contraction = compression of abdomen
Transversus abdominis:
Location
Function
Innervation
Inguinal ligament, CC, iliac crest & thoracolumbar fascia -> conjoint tendon, linea alba, xiphoid process and pubic crest
Compression of abdo
T7-11 thoracoabdominal , subcostal T12
What is the rectus sheath? Where is it?
Formed by the aponeuroses of the flat abdominal wall muscles and the transversalis fascia.
Above the arcuate line surrounds the rectus abdominis
Below the arcuate line sits anterior to the rectus abdominis.
What does the rectus sheath contain?
Inferior epigastric artery and vein
What is the blood supply to the abdominal wall?
Superior and inferior epigastric arteries: meet in the rectus sheath, unite the subclavian and external iliac arteries which forms a shunt route if aorta is narrowed.
What is the lymphatic drainage of the abdominal wall?
Follows quadrants
Upper quadrants: Axillary ipsilateral side
Lower quadrants: inguinal lymph nodes ipsilateral and contralateral sides
Where is the gut tube located?
Peritoneal cavity, wrapped in peritoneum
What structures are intraperitoneal?
Spleen
Liver
Stomach