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Anatomy Y2 > Abdomen & Pelvis 2 > Flashcards

Abdomen & Pelvis 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the borders of the abdominal cavity?

A

Costal margin
Mid axillary line
Inguinal ligament

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2
Q

What is the peritoneum?

A

Lining of abdominal cavity

Thin serous membrane

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3
Q

What marks the boundary between abdominal and pelvic cavity?

A

Pelvic brim

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4
Q

What covers the posterior surface once the abdomino-pelvic organs are removed?

A

Parietal peritoneum

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5
Q

What are abdominal organs covered in?

A

Visceral peritoneum

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6
Q

What is visceral peritoneum continuous with?

A

Parietal peritoneum

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7
Q

Where is the stomach found?

A

Mostly above the costal margin in the upper left quadrant

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8
Q

What attaches the jejunoileum to the posterior abdominal wall?

A

Jejunoileum

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9
Q

What ligament attaches the stomach to the transverse colon?

A

The gastrocolic ligament

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10
Q

What lobe of the liver covers the stomach?

A

Left lobe

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11
Q

What is the way out and in of the stomach?

A

In: gastro-oesophageal junction
Out: pylorus

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12
Q

What narrow part of the stomach leads to the pylorus?

A

Pylroric antrum

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13
Q

What is the bulge of the stomach after the gastro oesophageal junction?

A

Fundus

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14
Q

What is the outer layer of the stomach formed of?

A

Smooth muscle

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15
Q

What is the inner layer of the stomach formed of?

A

Mucosa

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16
Q

At both entrance and exit of the stomach what structure can be found?

A

Sphincter

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17
Q

What extends from the greater and lesser curve of the stomach?

A

The greater and lesser omentum

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18
Q

What does the lesser omentum connect?

A

Lesser curve of the stomach and underside of liver, extends to the duodenum too

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19
Q

What pocket is found behind the lesser omentum?

A

Omental bursa or lesser sac

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20
Q

What are the attachments of the greater omentum?

A

Greater curve of stomach
On front it attached to coils of small intestine and then hangs free
Back attached to transverse colon

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21
Q

What does the stomach develop from?

A

The foregut

22
Q

What are the attachments of the foregut?

A 
Dorsal mesogastrium (behind)
Ventral mesogastrium (in front)
23
Q

What develops in the ventral mesogastrium?

A

Liver

24
Q

What develops in the dorsal mesogastrium?

A

Spleen

25
Q

How is the lesser sac formed?

A

The liver expands and obliterates some of the omentum

26
Q

What 3 structures does the lesser sac lie behind?

A

Lesser omentum
Stomach
Gastrocolic ligament

27
Q

What are the parts of the small intestine?

A

Duodenum and jejunoileum

28
Q

What is the peritoneal attachment of the jejunoileum?

A

Mesentery

29
Q

How are the duodenum and jejunoileum visibly separated?

A

Duodeno-jejunal flexure

30
Q

What is the inner curve of the duodenum occupied by?

A

The head of the pancreas

31
Q

What 2 ducts join to the second part of the duodenum?

A

Pancreatic and bile ducts

32
Q

What part of the GI tract lies furthest back?

A

Duodenum

33
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the duodenum?

A

Distal part of lesser omentum

34
Q

What is the distal attachment of the duodenum?

A

Suspensory ligament

35
Q

What is the only entryway to the omental bursa?

A

Epiploic foramen

36
Q

What is the boundary between jejunum and ileum?

A

There isn’t one

37
Q

How long is the jejunoileum?

A

6 metres

38
Q

What happens to the jejunoileum as it progresses?

A

Becomes narrower, thinner walled and less vascular

39
Q

How is the jejunoileum attached to the posterior abdominal wall?

A

By the mesentery

40
Q

What does the mesentery contain?

A

Blood vessels and nerves

41
Q

What does the inside of the jejunoileum look like?

A

Mucosa has folds that are more pronounced in the jejunum than in the ileum

42
Q

What increases surface area of the jejunoileal mucosa?

A

Villi

43
Q

How does the ileum join the large intesting?

A

Ileo-cecal valve

44
Q

What are the 5 parts of the large intestine?

A 
Caecum
Appendix
Colon
Rectum
Anal canal
45
Q

What fossa does the caecum lie in?

A

Right iliac fossa

46
Q

What are the 4 sections of the colon?

A

Ascending
Transverse
Descending
Sigmoid

47
Q

How is the colon different to the small intestine?

A

Longitudinal muscle is not continuous, it is gathered into tenia coli
Mucus membrane is smooth, there are no villi

48
Q

What are the outward bunches of the colon called?

A

Haustra

49
Q

Where does the ascending colon end?

A

Right hepatic flexure

50
Q

What clings to the anterior surface of the transverse colon?

A

Greater omentum

51
Q

How is the transverse attached to the posterior abdominal wall?

A

Transverse mesocolon

52
Q

Where does the transverse colon end?

A

Splenic flexure

Anatomy Y2 (11 decks)

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