abdomen Flashcards
What happens to abdominal muscles during inspiration vs expiration
Inspiration-they relax(to accomodate increase in volume in thoracic cavity and to help diaphragm)
Expiration-they contract
How is an increase in abdominal pressure achieved? why does it help?
It happens when the diaphragm is fixed+air is retained in the thorax and ABDOMINAL MUSCLES CONTRACT
*to push out a baby
*to push out poop or urine
the bony components of the abdominal cavity
*L1-L5
*superior pelvis
* costa 11&12
*xiphoid process
what are the musclular parts of the abdominal wall
Posteriorly( lateral to the verterbal column):
*quadratus lumbosum
*psoas major
*illiacus
LATERAL(from deep to superficial):
*transverus abdominis
*obliquus internus
*obliquus externus
ANETRIORLY:(baklava kas)
*rectus abdomininis
How is the abdominal cavity organized
It is one in which the GI system is SUSPENDED from the posterior abdominal wall and partly from the anterior abdominal wall BY MESENTERIES(thin sheets of tissue)
What lines the abdominal cavity? What is the histological makeup of the lining?
Peritoneum lines the abdominal cavity
It is histologically a mesothelium( tek katil yassi epitel)
How does peritoneum relate to the mesentires and the suspended viscera
the peritoneum reflects off the abdominal wall to become a component of the mesenteries that suspend the viscera
parietal peritoneum: lines the abdominal wall
(remember in the video,the back of the transverse muscle that lined the abdominal cavity)
visceral peritoneum: covers suspended organs
How are visceral organs classified based on their relation to the peritoneum
Intraperitoneal: suspended by the mesenteries from the abdominal wall
*GI ORGANS
Retroperitoneal: not suspended, lie behind the peritoneum, between the parietal peritoneum and the abdominal wall
*kidney
*uterus
*pancreas
From superior to inferior how does layes of the abdomen go?
*Deri(lamina superificialis)-camper fasia
*Deri( lamina profunda)-Scarpa fasia
*Fascia profunda( EMBEDDED in the muscles below)
*m. obliqqus externus abdominis
*m.obliquus internus abdominis
*m.transversus abdominis
*fascia transverasalis(endoabdominal fascia
*Pareital periton
Functions of abdominal muscles
*Karın organlarına basınç yaparak
kiksiyon, defekasyon, kusma, doğum ve
zorlu ekspirasyon olaylarına yardımcı olur.
* Gövdeyi öne/yana eğer.
* Gövdeye rotasyon yaptırır.
What can be said about the besleme and the innervation of the parietal peritoneum?
Beslenme_karin duvarindaki arter ve ven
innervation- karin duvardaki somatik sinirler
Agri lokalizasyon=iyi
*basinaca, agriya, isi ve soguga duyarli
List the abdominal organs
karaciger, safra kesesi(ust sag)
mide ve pankreas( ust sol)–spleen?
ince bagirsak+ kalin barsak ( cecum+colon=rektum+ anal canal)
Excavatio rectovesicalis nedir?
rectum on—mesane ust
Excavatio rectouterina nedir?
Excavatio vesicouterina nedir?
hangisi en perioteumun en derin
rectouterina(douglas çıkmazı) rectum on»uterus ust
vesicouterina—uterus»_space;mesane ust
rectouterina en derin
peritoneum parietalen katlantilar
Plica umblicalis mediana_umblicus & mesane apex ORTA HAT *contains MEDIAN UMBLICAL LIGAMENT (a remnant of urachus)
Plica umblicalis medialis(ligamentum umblicale medialis)
*(chorda arteria umblicals(of part of obliterate a.umblicalis)
Plica umblicalis lateralis (a.v epigastrica inferior)
These folds are important in distinguishing direct vs. indirect inguinal hernias:
Medial to lateral fold → Direct hernia (Hesselbach’s triangle).
Lateral to lateral fold → Indirect hernia (deep inguinal ring).
What does visceral peritoneum cover?ks
karin organlsar
viscreal peritoneum neye duyarli
Gerilme VE KIMYASAL IRRITASYON
not to agri, isi, temas, basinc
What can we say about the besleme and innervasyon of visceral peritoneum>
Beslenmne_ ateries and veins of karin organlar
Innervation_ otonomik nerves of karin organlar
AGri iyi lokalize DEGIL
Mezentrium nedir
Illeum ve jejeunema saran
Onlara arka abdominal duvara asan
mezentrik sinir,damar ve lenf bulunduran yapidir
YAPRAKLI PERITONDUR
Mesocolon nerdir
iki tane var. mesocolon tranversum—colon transversumun ve mesocolon sigmoideum–colon sigmoideumun
Mesoappendix nedir ve ne arter bulundurur
appendix vermiformisin mesosu
a. appendicularis
Intraperitoneal organlari sirala
*mide
*Duodenum(bulbus kismi)
*jejunum
*illeum
*cecum
*colon transversum+colon sigmoid
*dalak
*karaciger
Retroperitoneal organlar sirala
BObrek
Seconder retroperiotoneal organlari sirala
duodeuneun diger bolum
colon ascendens
colon descendens
pankreas
Omnetum minus nedir
iki yaprakli peritondur.
it streches from the lesser curve of the stomach to the liver and the first part od the duodenum. it has two parts;
median(hepaticogastrica)-
lateral( hepatiocoduodenum)–
*a.hepatica propria
*ductus choledochus
*v.portal hepatis
Omentum majus nedir
It is a large, apron-like peritoneal fold, one of the first things we see when we open the abdominal cavity.
it attaches to the curvatura major of the stomach (superiorly)
drapes overthe transverse colon, jejunum and ileum (inferiorly)
..joins transverse mesocolon and ultimately arka karin duvari
omentum majusun kac yapraklari var? Acikla
iki yaprak
On yaprak: curvtura major or midee» ince barisak kivrinit
arka yaprak: yukari giderek colon transversumun taenia omentalis’e tutunur
Mide ile colon transversum arasinda kalan omentum majus parcasuna ne denir. Yapraklari arasinda ne bulunur?
gastrica colica omentum
a. v gastroomentalis dextra ve sinistra
Bursa omentalis nedir?
the bursa omentalis is a smaller subdivision of the peritoneal cavity
found posterior to liver and stomach
it is continous with the greater sac through an opening-foramen omentalis(epiloic)
what are the borders of bursa omentalis
ON-omentum minusun arka yapragi,mide ve duodenum orten arka periton
ARka-omentum majusun arka yapragi( bunun arkasinda pancreas, so gl. suprarenalis, sol bobekin ust parca, aorta abdominalism truncus coeillicaus ve diaprram)
SOL-recessus spelincus
LIGAMENTUM SPLENORENALE
LIGAMENTUM GASTROSPELNICUM (afro SRGS afro SRGS)
parietal periton’un duyusunu kimler alir
diyaframa altindaki-n.phrenicus
karin duvarini orten-son 6 interkostal sinisr,n. subcostalis ve L1 spinal sinir
fossa illiaca daki-n. cutaneous femoris lateralis
pelvisteki-n.obturatorius interna
foramen omentale komuslar
ON-lig hepatoduodenale( a. hepatca propria, vena portae hepatis, ductus choledochus)
ARKA-v.cava inferior
YUKARI-karaciger-lobus caudatus
ASAGI-duodenum ilk parca ust kenar
What are the components of suprokolik kompartman
1) recessus subphrenica
2) recessus subhepatica
a)recessus hepatorenalis(morrison cebi)-yatar pozisyonda sivi burda toplanir
b) recessus subhepatica sinister( bursa omentalis
viscreal peritonun duyusu kim alir
sardigi organin otonom sinirler
