ABA tests Flashcards
An FBA might include direct testing, parent interview, and
A. direct observations
B. record review
C. both a and b
C. both a and b
You must pass a background check in order to become an RBT.
A. True
B. False
A. True
I know you are hungry because I heard your stomach growl is a(n) ________________ argument.
empirical
Which component of Darwin’s theory of evolution was particularly important for the development of behavior analysis?
A. adaptation
B. selection
C. variability
B. selection
Behaviors that do not allow the individual to contact reinforcement in the environment are eliminated over time through the process of __________________.
extinction
Which of the following statements is true?
A. A conditioned stimulus becomes a neutral stimulus through pairing with an unconditioned stimulus.
B. A neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus through pairing with an unconditioned stimulus
C. An unconditioned stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus through pairing with a neutral stimulus
B. A neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus through pairing with an unconditioned stimulus
A stimulus is any environmental event that elicits a behavioral response. TRUE/FALSE
TRUE
Reflexive responses are elicited by conditioned stimuli. TRUE/FALSE
FALSE
Which of the following was an early version of Skinner’s principle of reinforcement?
Thorndike’s Law of Effect
The Little Albert studies demonstrated that what was possible?
Conditioning of emotions in humans
When an organism begins to respond to previously neutral stimuli without direct conditioning, what has happened?
Generalization
My application fee will be refunded by the BACB if I do not pass the test. TRUE/FALSE
FALSE
IQ tests are not affected by things like language skills. TRUE/FALSE
FALSE
ADHD cannot be diagnosed if the person has mood or anxiety disorders. TRUE/FALSE
FALSE
Severity of ADHD is rated based on…
A. Impact on life functioning
B Frequency of symptoms
C. Number of symptoms
A. Impact on life functioning
For purposes of diagnosis, hyperactivity and impulsive behaviors are categorized together. TRUE/FALSE
TRUE
Developmental disabilities may result in four types of functional limitations: physical, mental, emotional, and behavioral. TRUE/FALSE
FALSE
“Laura thinks she is the boss” is an observable statement. TRUE/FALSE
FALSE
Repeated presentation of a single stimulus with a single response occurs during which phases of skill building
A. Acquisition and Fluency
B. Fluency and Maintenance
C. Maintenance and Generalization
A. Acquisition and Fluency
ADHD has three types?
Predominantly inattentive, predominantly hyperactive/impulsive, and combined type
During maintenance training, we seek to determine how well the learner can ….?
perform the skill when distracted
This is a good behavior goal:
Upon entering his workplace each morning, Mr. Miller will greet at least three coworkers with a wave, smile, or head nod for 3 consecutive days by the 14th treatment session.
TRUE/FALSE
TRUE
Milton’s RBT is collecting duration data on how much time he spends with friends all day on Friday. This is continuous data collection using continuous numbers. TRUE/FALSE
TRUE
Some behavior analysis researchers advocate for a four term contingency that includes motivating operations. TRUE/FALSE
TRUE
In order to ensure a behavior definition is complete, it is often important to include
A. completion criteria
B. confidence intervals
C. exclusionary examples
C. exclusionary examples
Data collection is useful if you can work it in, but ABA plans do not require it. TRUE/FALSE
FALSE
In order to be classified as a developmental disability, a disorder must have three components. true/false
true
Behaviors are responses to needs.
TRUE/FALSE
FALSE
Caroline loves bubble gum. Her teacher gives bubble gum to every child who finishes their math facts work sheet in less than one minute. Caroline never finishes in one minute, and she cries when everyone gets bubblegum except for her. The faster she writes her answers, the more mistakes she makes. The most likely reason for the reinforcer not working is
A. Restricted Range of Options
B. Sensitivity to the Consequence
C. Either A or B could be correct
A. Restricted Range of Options
Will is a waiter who receives a tip for every customer he serves. What reinforcement schedule is this?
A. Fixed interval
B. Fixed ratio
C. Variable ratio
B. Fixed ratio
Skinner was a strong believer in free will. TRUE/FALSE
FALSE
JJ’s mother objects to a goal his IEP team recommended (to identify his ABCs) because he has worked on it for 10 consecutive years and has not mastered it. JJ’s mother is essentially saying the goal has no __________________??_
A. behavioral momentum
B. person-centeredness
C. social validity
C. social validity
The good thing about negative punishment is you can use it with new problem behaviors as they emerge without revising your plan. TRUE/FALSE
FALSE
According to the BACB, punishment is only to be used after reinforcement has failed. TRUE/ FALSE
FALSE
Response Blocking has been shown to be useful in the treatment of self-injury. TRUE/FALSE
TRUE
Mary is an RBT who has been taught to feed her client, John, who has swallowing problems. She now wonders if she could provide the same service to other people who have similar swallowing problems. She is wondering if her skillset ______________________________ between clients.
generalizes
Punishment is an acceptable therapeutic intervention if you cannot block delivery of the reinforcer. TRUE/FALSE
TRUE
JJ’s mother objects to a goal his IEP team recommended (to identify his ABCs) because he has worked on it for 10 consecutive years and has not mastered it. JJ’s mother is essentially saying the goal has no _____???_________________ .
A. behavioral momentum
B. person-centeredness
C. social validity
C. social validity
The first step in the scientific method is
A. Hypothesize
B. Observe
C. Question
B. Observe
If reprimands are the only form of attention given, they will become reinforcing. TRUE/FALSE
TRUE
Which of the following statements is true?
A. A conditioned stimulus becomes a neutral stimulus through pairing with an unconditioned stimulus.
B. A neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus through pairing with an unconditioned stimulus
C. An unconditioned stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus through pairing with a neutral stimulus
B. A neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus through pairing with an unconditioned stimulus
The only symptom of ADHD that is typically outgrown is inattentiveness.
TRUE/ FALSE
FALSE
Will is a waiter who receives a tip for every customer he serves. What reinforcement schedule is this?
Fixed ratio
Sleep training is not a target for behavior analysis. TRUE/FALSE
FALSE
The first step in the scientific method is to form a hypothesis.
true/false
false
Interview skills and customer service skills are examples of _________ skills.
soft skills
Which of the following areas are commonly addressed through skill acquisition plans?
A. communication
B. social skills
C. both a and b
C. both a and b
Problem behavior is best addressed if a …..? ____________________ behavior is taught.
replacement
Driving skills are at risk for loss in senior citizens due to changes in __________________.
A. reaction time
B. vision
C. both a and b
C. both a and b
IQ is more important than adaptive behavior when making a diagnosis of intellectual disability. TRUE/FALSE
FALSE
When beginning a new punishment procedure, it is important to apply the consequence __________________ .
A. consistently
B. immediately
C. both a and b
C. both a and b
Behavior analytic conferences hosted by organizations such as ABAI and APBA are primarily focused on professional development of behavior analysts and are not a good source of information for RBTs. TRUE/FALSE
FALSE
Motor imitation skills are important precursor skills for verbal behavior. TRUE/FALSE
TRUE
When conducting listener skills training, it is best to have the child master one skill before introducing a second skill. TRUE/FALSE
FALSE
The best time to teach the mand for apple is when the child has just eaten an apple. TRUE/FALSE
FALSE
Marla does not read well. When called on in class, to read she always says she has a headache. Teachers stop calling on her.
The behavior of claiming she has a headache is being…
A. Negatively reinforced
B. Positively reinforced
C. Punished
A. Negatively reinforced
The processes used in problem behavior intervention vary across the lifespan. TRUE/FALSE
FALSE
Which of the following is NOT a good way to measure behavior?
A. Counting
B. Rating Scale
C. Timing
B. Rating Scale
The acronym to remember for goal setting is?
A. GOAL
B. ROUNDUP
C. SMART
C. SMART
Listeners serve as both reinforcers of and discriminative stimuli for speaker behavior. true/false
TRUE
Reprimand is considered…
A. Negative Reinforcement
B. Negative Punishment
C. Positive Punishment
C. Positive Punishment
Echoics are taught before and during mand training because…
A. imitation skills are necessary precursors for training other skills
B. echoics develop first in the normal developmental sequence
C. both a and b
C. both a and b
Stickers are positive reinforcers.
A. True
B. False
C. Not enough information
C. Not enough informationx
Reinforcement for correct responding in a motor imitation trial is usually…
A. Social
B. Tangible
C. Unnecessary
A. Social
Some devices will allow a person to say any word they can think of, even if it was not pre-programmed. TRUE/FALSE
TRUE
7.14 is a
A. continuous number
B. discrete number
C. continuous data collection
A. continuous number
People who use picture communication may _ or _ the pictures
A. draw; print
B. point to ; exchange
C. point to; write on
B. point to ; exchange
Which form of sign language is used frequently by native oral speakers who later lose their hearing and study ASL?
A. Formal Sign
B. Pidgin Sign
C. Idiosyncratic Sign
B. Pidgin Sign
RBT: “Where should we go?”
Child: “The aquarium!.”
In this scenario, the child’s response is a(n) ____________________.
A. intraverbal
B. mand
C. tact
A. intraverbal
**
An advanced skill within the category of task-related behavior includes accepting feedback and correcting errors. TRUE/FALSE
TRUE
This is a good behavior goal:
Upon entering his workplace each morning, Mr. Miller will greet at least three coworkers with a wave, smile, or head nod for 3 consecutive days by the 14th treatment session.
TRUE/FALSE
TRUE
Who holds the power in a service relationship?
A. the service provider
B. the service recipient
C. power is shared
B. the service recipient
Research demonstrates time-out should cease when the time limit is up, even if the person is engaging in the problem behavior at that moment.
A. True
B. False
B. False
The process of gradually reducing prompts is called?
Prompt Fading
Task analysis steps may be used to create visual schedules for people to self-monitor their own activities.
A. True
B. False
A. True
Prompt fading plans should include criteria for advancing and ____________________ .
A. Reducing
B. Reversing
C. Rewriting
B. Reversing
James’ RBT is working with him to reduce the time required for him to begin work when told to do so. The data needed here is
A. Duration
B. Frequency
C. Latency
C. Latency
Patrick has a short attention span for watching others and displays problem behaviors when presented with too many tasks in a row. What chaining procedure is probably best for him?
A. Backward Chaining
B. Forward Chaining
C. Total Task Chaining
B. Forward Chaining
Another word for function is purpose.
A. True
B. False
TRUE
RBT: “Bobby”
Bobby: (looks at RBT).
In this scenario, Bobby’s behavior is a(n) ___________________ skill.
A. intraverbal
B. listener skill
C. tact
B. listener skill
Which type of language training requires the most sign language fluency from the RBT?
A. Intraverbals
B. Mands
C. Tacts
A. Intraverbals
Parasha is learning to make his bed. He struggles most with smoothing the sheets, but finds it easy to place his pillow and coverlet. He loves to see his bed completely made, but curses a great deal when smoothing the sheets. What form of chaining does this information suggest you try first?
A. Backward Chaining
B. Forward Chaining
C. Total Task Chaining
A. Backward Chaining
Overlearning is a concept related to…
A. Acquisition
B. Fluency
C. Generalization
B. Fluency
Task analysis is used for
A. Progress monitoring
B. Teaching
C. Both A and B
C. Both A and B
Scatterplots are used to determine
A. The function of a behavior
B. The frequency of a behavior
C. The time distribution of a behavior
C. The time distribution of a behavior
In order to be classified as a developmental disability, a disorder must have three components.
A. True
B. False
A. True
In partial interval data collection, the behavior must occur for the duration of a time interval.
A. True
B. False
B. False
James is hyperactive is a behavioral statement.
A. True
B. False
B. False
Valid data is reliable data. T/F
TRUE
Which of the following is a risk associated with exclusionary time-out?
A. aggression
B. incidental reinforcement
C. both a and b
C. both a and b
Who conducts an AAC assessment?
A. BCBAs
B. RBTs
C. SLPs
C. SLPs
If Fred likes chocolate and gumdrops are not chocolate, is it correct to say Fred does not like gumdrops?
A. It depends
B. No
C. Yes
B. No
Discontinuous data collection requires
A. constant observation
B. large spans of observation time
C. sampling
C. sampling
Reflexive responses are elicited by conditioned stimuli.
A. True
B. False
B. False
Frequency and rate are the same thing.
A. True
B. False
C. People argue about this.
C. People argue about this.
Todd’s teacher is teaching him to write his letters. First she had him trace the letters, then she had him trace dotted lines of the letters, then half the dots were removed, then he wrote the letters on plain paper. This is called
A. Stimulus control
B. Stimulus fading
C. Stimulus transfer
B. Stimulus fading
Fred is working with Ricky to decrease his ranting behavior by having him insert a pause before responding to stimuli that typically precede a rant. Inserting a pause is the replacement behavior. Which of the following methods could you use to measure Ricky’s progress with using the replacement behavior?
A. Duration of rant
B. Frequency of rants
C. Latency between stimulus and rant
C. Latency between stimulus and rant
Nathan’s Mom stands beside him while he brushes his teeth, allowing him to complete the tasks alone but prompting him if he skips steps or performs them incorrectly. Nathan is learning to brush his teeth via
A. Backward Chaining
B. Forward Chaining
C. Total Task Chaining
C. Total Task Chaining
Reinforcement for emitting a correct echoic is usually…
A. letting the child escape the interaction
B. praise and attention
C. the thing requested
B. praise and attention
Frequency data is useless without a timeframe.
A. True
B. False
A. True
Fred has noticed that when Ricky ends a rant, he typically pauses for three or four minutes then resumes ranting. He decided to introduce a self-calming activity during the pause to try to eliminate the repetitive rants or at least extend the amount of time between iterations. To assess effectiveness, he would need to collect ____________________ data.
A. Frequency
B. Inter-response Time
C. Latency
B. Inter-response Time
Choose the goal statement below that passes the dead man’s test.
A. Millicent will refrain from arguing with her parents when told to take a bath.
B. When told to take a bath, Millicent will report to the bathroom within 2 minutes, without further prompting.
C. When told to take a bath, Millicent will not protest by the third week of treatment.
B. When told to take a bath, Millicent will report to the bathroom within 2 minutes, without further prompting.
Fred is working with Ricky to decrease ranting behavior (defined as high volume rapid speech containing curse words and complaints). The best way to measure this would most likely be
A. Frequency count of the words he says during a rant
B. Inter-response time between rants
C. Duration of rant
C. Duration of rant
Madelyn observed her client and marks an interval box if the behavior occurs at any point during the interval. Madelyn is using
A. Momentary Time Sampling
B. Partial Interval Recording
C. Whole Interval Recordimg
B. Partial Interval Recording
Creating a task analysis can be enhanced by
A. Creating the TA by watching a video of someone completing the task.
B. Following the steps of a completed TA to verify it is correct.
C. Both A and B are correct.
C. Both A and B are correct.
Momentary Time Sampling for groups
A. Event Recording
B. Head Count
C. PLA-CHECK
C. PLA-CHECK
The most conservative estimate of behavior is provided by the discontinuous data collection method known as
A. Momentary Time Sampling
B. Partial Interval Recording
C. Whole Interval Recording
A. Momentary Time Sampling
In ABA, we never tell the learner they are wrong.
A. True
B. False
B. False
Which of the following data collection methods provides an overestimate of behavior?
A. Momentary Time Sampling
B. Partial interval
C. Whole interval
B. Partial interval
Conversing and answering questions are examples of…
A. Echoics
B. Intraverbals
C. Tacts
B. Intraverbals
Ed watches his client and marks a box if the behavior of interest is displayed throughout the observed interval. Ed is using
A. Momentary Time Sampling
B. Partial Interval Recording
C. Whole Interval Recording
C. Whole Interval Recording
Least effective prompt data collection is a method that is used to track progress in errorless learning.
A. True
B. False
B. False
Valid data are accurate, representative, _____________________, and significant
A. realistic
B. relevant
C. reverent
B. relevant
Trials to criterion is not a good data collection method for discrete trial training.
A. True
B. False
B. False
Which of the following data collection methods poses a risk that the data may not actually belong to the client?
A. Partial Interval
B. Permanent Product Recording
C. PLA-CHECK
B. Permanent Product Recording
Permanent product recording is an indirect method of data collection. T/F
TRUE
Nicholas is reinforced for smoothing his sheets, tucking them in, and pulling the comforter up to the top of the bed,. His RBT places the pillows. This is an example of teaching bed making via
A. Backward Chaining
B. Forward Chaining
C. Total Task Chaining
B. Forward Chaining
Which of the following is a common application for permanent product recording data collection?
A. Academics
B. Behavior Reduction
C. Fluency Building
A. Academics
Motor imitation is important for…
A. Developing a generalized repertoire of imitation
B. Preparing to learn augmentative communication
C. Both a and b
C. Both a and b
The only verbal operant that directly serves the speaker.
A. Intraverbal
B. Mand
C. Tact
B. Mand
Graphing is required, but RBTs have a great deal of flexibility about how to set up their graphs to best show the data.
T/F
FALSE
The two types of time-out are called exclusionary and non-exclusionary.
A. True
B. False
A. True
J.R.’s boss read a book on reinforcement and decided to distribute paychecks on a variable interval schedule. Employees must be present to get their paycheck. If this method survives the courts, what effect should it have on work attendance?
A. Attendance will improve and remain high.
B. Attendance will initially improve, but many people will call in sick after they get their checks.
C. Attendance will decrease due to morale.
A. Attendance will improve and remain high.
Intellectual functioning is normally measured with a(n) ________ test?
IQ test
If a client has an extraordinary day with a high rate of behavior that is not likely to be repeated in the future, you do not have to adjust the y-axis to accommodate it.
A. True
B. False
A. True
The science of human behavior
A. Applied Behavior Analysis
B. Behavior Analysis
C. Behavioral Learning Theory
B. Behavior Analysis
Condition phase change lines are create in Excel with the ________________ function.
Error bars
When setting up your data to graph in Excel, begin with baseline and enter no other data on that line except for the height of the major phase change line that marks it.
A. True
B. False
B. False
How many columns of data are required to create a scatterplot?
2
The seminal 1968 article outlining the dimensions of applied behavior analysis was written by
A. Baer, Wolf, and Risley
B. Keller and Skinner
C. Skinner
A. Baer, Wolf, and Risley
To differentiate bars in a bar chart, use
A. Colors
B. Patterns
C. Shades of Gray
B. Patterns
To create a bar chart in Excel, select the Bar Chart option from the Chart menu.
A. True
B. False
B. False
RBTs are not allowed to enter data into standardized assessment instrument electronic data platforms.
T/F
FALSE
Senior citizens with developmental disabilities are at increased risk for inappropriate prescribing of psychotropic medications.
T/F
TRUE
Developmental checklists are used with?
Infants and toddlers
For the purposes of assessment, sexuality is considered a(n)
A. adaptive skill
B. problem behavior
C. social skill
C. social skill
Language and communication skills assessments conducted by behavior analysts will focus on
A. Expressive language
B. Receptive language
C. Skinner’s analysis of verbal behavior
C. Skinner’s analysis of verbal behavior
The end product of a Multiple Stimulus Without Replacement preference assessment is items scoring based on ___?
rank ordering
The preference assessment method in which children are presented with one item at a time.
Single Stimulus
Which of the following preference assessments usually takes the longest to administer?
A. Free Operant
B. Multiple Stimulus With Replacement
C. Paired Stimulus
C. Paired Stimulus
Multiple Stimulus with Replacement scored by rank ordering.
t/f
TRUE
ABA is only interested in solving socially meaningful behavior problems of humans.
T/F
TRUE
It is unethical for an RBT to be an interventionist and to be an informant on a skills assessment.
T/F
FALSE
Only persons who have the ability to touch a screen or keyboard accurately can use a speech-generating device
A. True
B. False
B. False
Ecological assessment results are used to develop
A. antecedent interventions
B. skill building goals
C. both a and b
C. both a and b
The nature-nurture debate is decided.
T/F
FALSE
Problem behaviors are culturally determined.
T/F
TRUE
The basic principle of reinforcement is: stimulus - response - consequence
T/F
TRUE
Celeste observes her client and marks whether or not a behavior is occurring at the end of a designated interval. Celeste is using
A. Momentary Time Sampling
B. Partial Interval Recording
C. Whole Interval Recording
A. Momentary Time Sampling
Echoics are taught before and during mand training because…
A. imitation skills are necessary precursors for training other skills
B. echoics develop first in the normal developmental sequence
C. both a and b
C. both a and b
Fred is working with Ricky to decrease his ranting behavior by having him insert a pause before responding to stimuli that typically precede a rant. Inserting a pause is the replacement behavior. Which of the following methods could you use to measure Ricky’s progress with using the replacement behavior?
A. Duration of rant
B. Frequency of rants
C. Latency between stimulus and rant
C. Latency between stimulus and rant
Early intervention is important for language development because of __________________________.
A. critical periods for development
B. harmful parenting practices
C. exposure to toxins can only be reversed in infancy
A. critical periods for development
In this preference assessment, children have access to a variety of toys and can interact with one or more as they choose.
A. Free Operant
B. Multiple Stimulus Without Replacement
C. Single Stimulus
A. Free Operant
In which of the following types of graph is it acceptable to use color?
A. Bar charts
B. Line graphs
C. Color is never to be used.
C. Color is never to be used.
Behaviors that have a sensory function are always reinforced via automatic positive reinforcement.
T/F
FALSE
The end product of a Multiple Stimulus Without Replacement preference assessment is items scoring based on _______________________________________________________.
A. duration of engagement
B. percent of opportunities
C. rank ordering
C. rank ordering
Multi-function behaviors do not really exist. T/F
FALSE
Stereotypical behaviors sometimes include objects.
T/F
TRUE
Any variation from standardized testing procedures should be reported to your BCBA supervisor.
T/F
TRUE
Three types of IOA data formulas were taught: those were for counted data, timed data and ____________________ .
A. calculated data
B. interval data
C. measured data
B. interval data
When reporting your ABC recording data, the narrative should explain the graph. T/F
FALSE
Stimuli are types of
A. antecedents
B. consequences
C. both a and b
C. both a and b
Skill acquisition plans have goals that are broken down into ?
benchmark objectives
An intraverbal response is a verbal response to a verbal SD with…
A. point-to-point correspondence
B. no point-to-point correspondence
C. both a and b
B. no point-to-point correspondence
Ed is collecting data on a student’s latency to initiate work when instructed to do so by his teacher, but the student’s goal is to increase duration of work. His data is not ____________________.
A. Accurate
B. Representative
C. Relevant
C. Relevant
When collecting ABC data in a descriptive functional behavior assessment, consequences are groups into _______________ categories.
A. arbitrary
B. functional
C. superfluous
B. functional
There are two main approaches for conducting an FBA.
T/F
TRUE
Benny and Elaine say “I love you” at the end of every phone conversation. What reinforcement schedule is that?
A. Fixed interval
B. Fixed ratio
C. Variable ratio
B. Fixed ratio
The four main conditions of an experimental functional analysis are: attention, escape, demand, and alone.
T/F
FALSE
Delay tolerance is another word for procrastination.
T/F
FALSE
Functional analysis provides higher certainty results with lower response effort than descriptive functional assessment.
T/F
FALSE
A bar chart might be used for
A. Functional Analysis results
B. Preference Assessment results
C. Both a and b
C. Both a and b
ABA services must be provided 1:1.
T/F
FALSE
Alice collected data at the same time and place every day for two weeks. Her data may not be
A. Accurate
B. Representative
C. Significant
B. Representative
The IISCA conditions typically are run for 3-5 minutes at a time.
T/F
TRUE
Usually, data collection in a functional analysis is based on
A. Duration
B. Frequency
C. Momentary Time Sampling
B. Frequency
A method of functional behavior assessment that combines the systematic comparison of variables used in functional analysis with ABC analysis in a natural setting is called
A. Environmental Manipulation
B. Naturalistic Analysis
C. Participant Observation
A. Environmental Manipulation
The IISCA is an approach to functional assessment that moves Iwata’s test conditions into the natural environment.
T/F
FALSE
RBTs must follow skill acquisition plans exactly.
T/F
TRUE
Skill acquisition goals are based on?
assessment results
Before a session, the RBT must ensure all __???_______ are available, organized, and accessible.
materials
The most salient question when considering most-to-least vs least-to-most is the degree to which _____________ is likely to negatively impact learning.
making errors
Data collection procedures may also include information about completion criteria and reversal criteria.
T/F
TRUE
Memory loss is almost always irreversible.
T/F
FALSE
As an RBT, you should expect to see your supervisor
A. at least once per month
B. daily
C. frequently
C. frequently
To get the best results from a preference assessment, be sure to include items the person has never seen.
T/F
FALSE
Goals are more specific versions of benchmark objectives.
T/F
FALSE
Teaching by reinforcing the sequential completion of steps in a task analysis
A. Chaining
B. Differential Reinforcement
C. Shaping
A. Chaining
Endurance is shaped by gradually changing _______________ requirements.
A. Duration
B. Frequency
C. Latency
A. Duration
When problem behaviors occur in a predictable chain, BCBAs may target only the _____________ behavior in the chain in order to shape the behavior.
A. first
B. last
C. most dangerous
A. first
If I use shaping to gradually reduce prompt levels, I am increasing
A. Endurance
B. Independence
C. Perseverance
B. Independence
Treatment integrity is best assessed through self report.
T/F
FALSE
Time-out is seclusion.
T/F
FALSE
The term “successive approximations” refers to the behavior change methodology called
A. backward chaining
B. forward chaining
C. shaping
C. shaping
Telling someone to do something is a verbal prompt.
A. Always
B. Sometimes
C. Never
B. Sometimes
Information gleaned from environmental manipulation has higher social validity but lower certainty than functional analysis results.
T/F
TRUE
Stimulus in the presence of which, reinforcement is not available.
A. Discriminative Stimulus
B. Generalization Stimulus
C. Stimulus Delta
C. Stimulus Delta
The stage of learning in which a new skill is taught
A. Acquisition
B. Discrimination
C. Stimulus Control
A. Acquisition
Discrete Trial Training (DTT) is another name for Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA).
T/F
FALSE
The six schedules of reinforcement covered in this course are: Fixed Ratio, Variable Ratio, Fixed Interval, Variable Interval, Fixed Time, and Variable Time
T/F
TRUE
Supervisors may use a TA to monitor your work.
T/F
TRUE
Multiple Stimulus with Replacement is a hybrid of Multiple Stimulus without Replacement and Paired Stimulus preference assessments. T/F
TRUE
There are two forms of modeling: watching someone else perform the skill live or watching someone else perform the skill on video. T/F
FALSE
Count of the number of trials required to achieve a predetermined level of performance.
A. Least effective prompt
B. Treatment integrity
C. Trials to criterion
C. Trials to criterion
In basketball, repeated personal fouls result in a player being benched. This is an example of _______________________ if it leads to that player committing fewer personal fouls.
A. Negative punishment
B. Negative reinforcement
C. Positive punishment
A. Negative punishment
Teaching multiple examples of the SD and the SΔ until the concept is able to be applied to untrained stimuli
A. Discrete Trial Training
B. Multiple Exemplar Training
C. Natural Environment Training
B. Multiple Exemplar Training
Discrete Trials are usually presented at a slower pace so that the child with Autism has enough time to process what is being asked.
T/F
FALSE
Practically speaking, we should spend more time helping people learn how to use _____________ currency than ___________ currency.
A. digital, paper
B. paper, digital
A. digital, paper
Behavior intervention plans are sometimes difficult to implement in natural settings due to which of the following
A. Demonstrated lack of efficacy of ABA in natural settings
B. Systems barriers such as lack of resources and differing guiding philosophies
C. Both A and B
B. Systems barriers such as lack of resources and differing guiding philosophies
Implementing a behavior plan in a public setting brings new challenges because
A. there are new antecedents and consequences for the learner
B. there are new antecedents and consequences for the RBT
C. both a and b
C. both a and b
Behavior Intervention Plans typically include strategies for prevention as well as response to problem behavior.
T/F
TRUE
When creating a scatterplot in Excel, how many places do you have to adjust the settings in order to create black data points?
2
Treatment integrity is best assessed through self report.
T/F
FALSE
Token economy has been found to be an ineffective intervention.
T/F
FALSE
It is a good idea to crop unimportant data out of your graph.
T/F
FALSE
Crisis intervention plans often include procedures for
A. de-escalation
B. punishment
C. time-out
A. de-escalation
Interventions designed to prevent problem behaviors.
A. Antecedent interventions
B. Punishment
C. Both a and b
A. Antecedent interventions
Which of the following is an example of a cuing strategy to prevent problem behavior?
A. Teaching the child to follow a visual schedule
B. Telling the child to ask for a break when tired
C. Both a and b
A. Teaching the child to follow a visual schedule
The data collection method for free operant preference assessments is
A. Duration
B. Momentary Time Sampling
C. Partial Interval
C. Partial Interval
Ed’s boss reports that he can predict which days Ed is going to make a scene at work, based on how he greets everyone when he arrives. This indicates a(n) _________________________________________ is probably in effect.
A. establishing operation
B. punishing contingency
C. stimulus control variable
A. establishing operation
Antecedent-based approaches usually provide more rapid effects than consequence -based approaches.
T/F
TRUE
Task analysis is the process of breaking a task down into a ___________________ of smaller steps.
A. Collection
B. Large number
C. Sequence
C. Sequence
When a behavior is elicited by a stimulus without additional prompts and reinforcers, ________________________ has been attained.
A. behavioral momentum
B. stimulus control
C. stimulus equivalence
B. stimulus control
The key to success with extinction is to combine it with punishment.
T/F
FALSE
One example of a pre-academic skill is
A. Matching to sample
B. Sitting in seat
C. Both a and b
C. Both a and b
Teaching procedures include prompting methods. error correction, and ______________.
A. data collection
B. discontinuation criteria
C. reinforcement procedures
C. reinforcement procedures
Skill acquisition plans include goals, objectives, ___________________, and data collection.
A. benchmarks
B. materials
C. timelines
B. materials
One common use of extinction is
A. safety behaviors
B. teaching right from wrong
C. toddler tantrums for tangibles
C. toddler tantrums for tangibles
Sr+ is the abbreviation for ?
positive reinforcement
Extinction of automatically reinforced behavior may include use of special materials that block access to the body.
T/F
TRUE
Extinction procedures will vary based on behavior ____________________ .
A. function
B. intensity
C. topography
A. function
Problem behaviors often occur because of skill deficits.
T/F
TRUE
During mand training, if the child requests an item that is visible to him, the therapist can reinforce by either giving him the item or praising him for asking nicely.
T/F
FALSE
Wesley wants to decrease his nail biting behavior using DRI. Which of the following replacement behaviors would be appropriate for that methodology?
A. calling a friend
B. chewing gum
C. placing hands in pocket
C. placing hands in pocket
One way the Hanley model differs from the Iwata model is
A. there are more test conditions
B. the control condition is eliminated
C. target behaviors are less specific
C. target behaviors are less specific
Heidi wants to increase her exercise. Currently she works out after work on average one day per week. The other days she goes out with friends. She has decided to shape her behavior by asking her friends to refuse to go out with her unless she has met her exercise goal for the week. The goal rate of exercise will be incrementally increased each week. This is a method of differential reinforcement called differential reinforcement of
A. high rates of behavior
B. incompatible behavior
C. other behavior
A. high rates of behavior
Cassie is trying to extinguish her use of curse words but substituting the words “sugar” and “fudge” for the curse words she uses most frequently. Her friends are helping by discontinuing conversation with her if she .says the curse words, and extending the conversation if she uses the substitute words. This is differential reinforcement of ___________________________ behavior.
A. alternative
B. other
C. low rates of
A. alternative
Which of the following procedures includes extinction?
A. Differential reinforcement
B. Shaping
C. Task Analysis
A. Differential reinforcement
All Behavior Intervention Plans must include data collection procedures.
T/F
TRUE
It is acceptable to change two components of a single behavior in one shaping schedule.
T/F
TRUE
One example of an antecedent control strategy for a child motivated by escape
A. Scheduled attention
B. Scheduled breaks
C. Both a and b
B. Scheduled breaks
Modern research indicates environmental factors can influence genetic development.
T/F
TRUE
Which of the following is NOT a method of differential reinforcement?
A. DRA
B. DRE
C. DRI
B. DRE
Otis wants to know how long it takes Fred and Laura to initiate work after being told to begin. Is this a good example of a behavioral measurement?
A. It depends
B. No
C. Yes
C. Yes
Teacher takes advantage of naturally occurring situations to teach the targeted skills.
A. Chaining
B. Differential Reinforcement
C. Incidental Teaching
C. Incidental Teaching
Natural environment teaching method in which the teacher observes the child’s point of interest, models the correct response, and requires the child to replicate the model.
A. Discrete Trials
B. Forward Chaining
C. Mand-Model
C. Mand-Model
Automatic reinforcement is usually related to ___________________ behaviors.
A. Attention-maintained
B. Avoidance
C. Sensory
C. Sensory
Stimuli are types of
A. antecedents
B. consequences
C. both a and b
C. both a and b
NET introduces certain concerns that are less prominent in clinic-based services, such as
A. confidentiality
B. safety
C. both a and b
C. both a and b
You should not contrive teaching situations in the NET.
T/F
FALSE
Of all the communication modes, we are least knowledgeable about the effects of picture communication on the development of spoken language.
T/F
TRUE
The goal of motor imitation training is to have the child exhibit the behavior without a model.
T/F
FALSE
Jaime’s RBT is going to collect 15 minute time samples of his hand-raising behavior in each class over a three-week period by a frequency count. This is
A. continuous data collection using continuous numbers
B. discontinuous data collection using continuous numbers
C. discontinuous data collection using discrete numbers
C. discontinuous data collection using discrete numbers
Behavioral skills training is not recommended for generalization training.
T/F
FALSE
SEAT stands for
A. Self, Everyone, Alone, Together
B. Sensory, Escape, Attention, Tangibles
C. Start Everyone At the Top
B. Sensory, Escape, Attention, Tangibles
When should teaching systems and routines for school and work settings begin?
A. After ensuring the person knows the content to be taught
B. On the first day
C. When you see that the learner(s) are not catching on without specific instruction
B. On the first day
Establishing operations are often associated with
A. temporary emotional states
B. sensory processing issues
C. both a and b
C. both a and b
School-wide PBIS eliminates the need for functional assessment and individualized behavior intervention plans.
T/F
FALSE
RBTs are not allowed to enter data into standardized assessment instrument electronic data platforms.
T/F
FALSE
The Good Behavior Game and Token Economy are not intended to be implemented simultaneously.
T/F
FALSE
Research unequivocally supports the idea that authoritarian parenting is bad for children.
T/F
FALSE
Tokens are conditioned reinforcers.
T/F
TRUE
Which type of group contingency capitalizes least on positive peer pressure?
A. dependent
B. independent
C. interdependent
B. independent
Bar charts can be used for categorical data or time series data.
T/F
FALSE
Self-stimulatory behavior is repetitive non-purposeful movements or sounds.
T/F
TRUE
In which of the following types of group contingencies do all members win or lose together?
A. good behavior game
B. independent
C. interdependent
C. interdependent
If you have a problem with a supervisor or coworker that is inspiring a great deal of emotion in you, the best way to address this is usually
A. face-to-face verbal communication
B. formal documentation into the client record
C. informal documentation, such as an email
A. face-to-face verbal communication
Some problem behaviors disappear when personally valued outcomes are honored through the process of person-centered planning.
T/F
TRUE
Graphs provide clarity for making decisions about treatment.
T/F
TRUE
Which of the following is an example of a cuing strategy to prevent problem behavior?
A. Teaching the child to follow a visual schedule
B. Telling the child to ask for a break when tired
C. Both a and b
B. Telling the child to ask for a break when tired
RBTs cannot be members of person-centered planning teams unless their BCBAs are on the same team.
A. True
B. False
FALSE
Reinforcement can be based on…
A. presentation or removal
B. punishment or reward
C. reward or coercion
A. presentation or removal
Trixie’s student engages in a high rate of self-injurious behaviors. She collects data on head banging, eye gouging, and self-biting. She does not include hair tugging because compared to the other behaviors, hair tugging is not _______________.
A. accurate
B. representative
C. significant
C. significant
Privacy is a
A. client’s right
B. therapist’s obligation
C. both a and b
A. client’s right
You need to retain the following records related to your supervision: your RBT training certificate, annual competency assessments, and _______________________.
A. Daily time sheets
B. Weekly appointment schedules
C. Monthly supervision logs.
C. Monthly supervision logs.
Nancy’s RBT puts her shoes on for her, straightens the tongue, and pulls the strings tight. Nancy then ties her shoes. Nancy is learning to put on her shoes via
A. Backward Chaining
B. Forward Chaining
C. Total Task Chaining
A. Backward Chaining
Quincy wants to teach his student to complete a chain of tasks using Forward Chaining because the learner is more likely to comply with a difficult task if he has had several successes in a row before being presented with that difficult task. In other words, Quincy is relying on the concept of ____________________________________.
A. behavioral momentum
B. the Premack Principle
C. total task chaining
A. behavioral momentum
Which of the following is an example of a prompting strategy to prevent problem behavior?
A. Providing a model for how to complete an algebra problem
B. Reducing the number of algebra problems required
C. Both a and b
A. Providing a model for how to complete an algebra problem
When in doubt about where to make an abuse report, call
A. the designated official for your organization
B. the police
C. your supervisor
B. the police
There are four types of task analysis.
T/F
FALSE
When teaching children to brush their teeth, we almost always use most-to-least prompting
T/F
TRUE
A probe session is conducted to
A. assess whether a skill can be performed without prompts
B. To assess whether the person will initiate the task independently
C. To assess the reason for multiple errors
A. assess whether a skill can be performed without prompts
Mary and Murray could be exhibiting the exact same behavior at the exact same time in the exact same setting for totally different functions.
T/F
TRUE
Pandora loves attention and likes to learn how to do new things for herself. Pandora is a good candidate for total task chaining programs.
T/F
TRUE
The data you collect in session serves as your session notes.
T/F
FALSE
DRH is used for behaviors you want to ___________________; DRL is used for behaviors you want to __________________.
A. decrease; increase
B. eliminate; reinforce
C. increase; decrease
C. increase; decrease
Christy’s 17-year-old son is in your adolescent social skills group. He disclosed that he has a girlfriend but his mother will not allow him to go on a date with her. He wants you to role play talking to his mother about this. You are sure his mother will pull him out of the group if you do, though. What do you do?
A. Call his mother and ask permission to do this role play.
B. Call your BACB supervisor for instructions.
C. Do the role play.
B. Call your BACB supervisor for instructions.
Which method of differential reinforcement allows reinforcement for ANY behavior except the target behavior?
A. DRA
B. DRI
C. DRO
C. DRO
While at work one day, you learn your BCBA supervisor has been in a car wreck and is expected to be in the hospital for several months. What do you do?
A. Continue services and note on your forms that your supervisor is in the hospital.
B. Immediately inform your agency that you must have a new supervisor before you can continue working.
C. Go to the hospital for supervision meetings between your supervisor’s naps and physical therapy sessions.
B. Immediately inform your agency that you must have a new supervisor before you can continue working.
The BACB’s codes of ethics for RBTs has three sections: general responsibilities, responsibilities in service delivery, and responsibilities to _____________________.
A. self-monitor
B. the supervisor and BACB
C. clients
B. the supervisor and BACB
How many times must you meet with your supervisor each month?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 4
B. 2
Only a BCBA or BCaBA can provide supervision for an RBT.
T/F
FALSE
Privacy laws include the client’s right to decide who knows they are receiving services from you.
T/F
TRUE
A form of picture communication that is used to demonstrate a contingency
A. activity schedule
B. first - then schedule
C. stop sign
B. first - then schedule
