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Usask year 4 > Ab psych 3 > Flashcards

Ab psych 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What gender dysphoria? broad

A

a state of generalized unhappiness, restlessness, dissatisfaction, or frustration with their gender

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2
Q

What is gender assignment?

A

Natal gender - what were you born as

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3
Q

What is gender identity?

A

psychological sense of self - what do you feel most aligned with

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4
Q

Whats gender dysphoria? specific

A

individual experiences significant personal distress or impaired functioning as a result of a discrepancy between their anatomic sex and gender identity.

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5
Q

gender identity/assignment + ______ = gender dysphoria

A

distress

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6
Q

When does gender dysphoria start

A

early childhood - adolescent, adult life maybe but that just means emotions were repressed

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7
Q

whose more likely to cross dress as a child?

A

boys

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8
Q

What happens during puberty for children suffering from gender dysphoria

A

they feel out of place and try to hide themselves

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9
Q

who reports on gender dysphoria more?

A

Boys - usually identified by parents who bring their children in

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10
Q

What is transgender identity?

A

gender identity has the psychological sense of belonging to one gender while possessing the sexual organs of the other

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11
Q

true or false: sexual identity and appearance are psychological

A

true

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12
Q

Is cross dressing commorbid with gender dysphoria

A

yes and no - sometimes its to make the person more comfortable the other is for erotic feelings

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13
Q

before going to gender surgery what suggestions are there?

A

Counselling

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14
Q

From gender surgery/hormones which one is reversible?

A

hormones

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15
Q

what is the rate of suicide in trans vs general public

A

higher rates then general pop

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16
Q

what is psychotherapy for gender dysphoria?

A

they are there to make the best decision for themselves - cbt but very individualized

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17
Q

what is paraphilic disorder?

A

Recurrent sexual urges and sexually arousing fantasies involving
(objects, clothings, children, hurting or embarassing themselves or partner)

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18
Q

paraphillic disorder contact vs non contact?

A

contact - physical body contact, non contact: stalking, photos sending videos of children

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19
Q

what is a Exhibitionistic Disorder?

A

recurrent, powerful urges to expose one’s genitals to an unsuspecting stranger to surprise, shock, or sexually arouse the victim

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20
Q

What disorder describes: The ‘shock’ from the victim can be the most arousing part of the behaviour.

A

Exhibitionistic Disorder

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21
Q

what is Fetishistic disorder?

A

Recurrent, powerful sexual urges and arousing fantasies involving body parts or inanimate objects

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22
Q

what is Transvestic disorder?

A

Recurrent, powerful urges and related fantasies involving cross-dressing for purposes of sexual arousal

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23
Q

what is Voyeuristic disorder?

A

watching unsuspecting people, generally strangers, who are undressed, disrobing, or engaging in sexual activity

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24
Q

what is Frotteuristic disorder?

A

bumping and rubbing against nonconsenting victims for sexual gratification

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25
Q

what is Pedophilic Disorder?

A

16 years of age and at least 5 years older than the child or children toward whom they are sexually attracted or whom they have victimized

Diagnostic indicator is the extensive use of child pornography

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26
Q

who are the offendors of a paraphilic disorder?

A

law-abiding, respected male citizens in their 30s or 40s

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27
Q

neurodevelopment deficits + sexual abuse =

A

Pedophilia

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28
Q

what are the Effects of Child Sexual Abuse?

A

psych prob, eating disorders, premature sex behaviour, drug abuse, suicide and PTSD

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29
Q

what is Sexual masochism disorder?

A

Recurrent urges and fantasies relating to sexual acts that involve being humiliated, bound, flogged, or made to suffer in other ways

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30
Q

what is Hypoxyphilia?

A

person seeks sexual gratification by being deprived of oxygen by means of using a noose, plastic bag, chemical, or pressure on the chest

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31
Q

who does death visit during hypoxyphillia

A

single male aged 15 to 29 years who performed the act repetitively and when alone

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32
Q

what is Sexual sadism disorder?

A

inflicting humiliation or physical pain on sex partners (non consentfully)

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33
Q

What is Sadomasochism?

A

sexual activities between consenting partners involving the attainment of gratification by means of inflicting and receiving pain and humiliation

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34
Q

what is Telephone Scatologia?

A

obscene phone calls

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35
Q

what is Necrophilia

A

sexual contact with corpses

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36
Q

what is Zoophilia

A

sexual contact with animals

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37
Q

what is Coprophilia?

A

sexual urges or fantasies involving feces

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38
Q

what do psychoanalysts think about paraphilic disorder?

A

repeating or reverting to a sexual habit that arose early in life

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39
Q

what do behaviourists think about paraphilic disorder?

A

paraphilias begin through a process of conditioning: Nonsexual objects can become sexually arousing if they are repeatedly associated with pleasurable sexual activity

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40
Q

what are the levels of paraphilic disorders?

A

Level 1: non-consensual physical contact for sexual purpose
Level 2: assault with a weapon
Level 3: aggravated; physical harm and/or threat of death

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41
Q

The woman is acquainted with the assailant in ____% of sexual assault cases

A

80%

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42
Q

Antisocial theme for sexual assault

A

A theme to dominate women or express hatred toward them may be more prominent motives for sexual assault than is sexual desire

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43
Q

Paraphilia theme for sexual assault

A

Sometimes the violence or stalking behavior in itself is sexually arousing (not necessarily the sex). Sometimes sexual pleasure can only happen when the victim is humiliated.

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44
Q

what is the psychological theme for sexual assault?

A

Sometimes there are significant emotional difficulties. Over identification with children. Social isolation. ‘Clingy’ behavior and awkward social skills

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45
Q

what is the psychological theme for sexual assault?

A

Promiscuous behavior at parties, clubs, bars. Date rape drug. Hazing rituals. Devant family practices. All these can set the social culture where a sexual assault is ‘normalized’.

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46
Q

what is Sexual dysfunctions

A

problems with sexual interest, arousal, or response.

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47
Q

3 types of sexual dysfunction

A

Disorders involving problems with sexual interest or arousal
Disorders involving problems with orgasmic response
Problems involving pain during sexual intercourse or penetration (in women)

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48
Q

what are Sexual Interest / Arousal Disorders?

A

Male erectile disorder, Male hypoactive, Female sexual interest

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49
Q

What is scizophrenia?

A

chronic disorder, acute episodes of breaks from reality, Delusions hallucinations, incoherent speech and bizarre behaviour

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50
Q

Who is Emil Kraeplin and what was he known for?

A

Kraepelin tied dementia praecox to organic changes in the brain

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51
Q

What are the 3 types of schizophrenia?

A

Catatonia, hebephrenia and paranoia

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52
Q

What is catatonia?

A

Motor activities are disrupted
a fixed or rigid posture, odd gestures and bizarre facial expressions

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53
Q

What is Heberphrenia?

A

Inappropriate emotional reactions and behaviour

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54
Q

What is paranoia?

A

Delusions of grandeur and of persecution

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55
Q

What are the 4 A’s of Schizophrenia by Eugen Bleuler?

A

Blunted affect, associations, ambivalence and autism

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56
Q

What is the Blunted affect?

A

Diminished emotional response to stimuli

57
Q

What did Kurt Schneider think about hallucinations and delusions?

A

Schneider rated both as first rank symptoms of schizophrenia

58
Q

What is the first order of schizophrenia?

A

delusion perception, passitivity and third person (external) auditory hallucinations

59
Q

What is the second order from schneiders ranking order?

A

Delusions of reference, paranoid delusions and second-person auditory hallucination

60
Q

What is the prevalence of schizophrenia?

A

1% of the adult Canadian population, Fifth leading cause of disability worldwide and 79% are unemployed

61
Q

Whats the % of schizophrenic ppl who have used substances

A

80%

62
Q

What % of people with schizophrenia attempt suicide?

A

40-60%

63
Q

What are the stigmas of scizophrenia?

A

theres a stigma surrounding violence in individuals with schiz which therefore interferes with housing, work and treatment

64
Q

When does Schiz develop?

A

Late teens or early 20’s

65
Q

What are the 3 stages of Schizophrenia?

A

Prodomal, Acute and residual

66
Q

What is the prodomal stage of schizophrenia?

A

They experience their first acute psychotic episode and then theres a period of decline

67
Q

What happens in the acute stage of schizo?

A

development of hallucinations, delusions and disorganized speech/behaviour

68
Q

What happens in the Residual Phase?

A

The residual phase happens after the acute phase. Its characterized by a return of functioning similar. ( the only difference between prodomal and residual is the ORDER)

69
Q

What are the main feature delusions of schizo?

A

Persecution (someones out to get you), grandeur (HIGH sense of self), reference (abilities and powers) and delusions of being controlled

70
Q

A major feature of Schiz is disorganized speech, which shows itself as a thought disorder but what is that?

A

breakdown in the organization, processing, and control of thoughts
Speech pattern is often disorganized or jumbled and may jump from one topic to another

71
Q

What is thought broadcasting

A

others can hear or interpret your thoughts

72
Q

What is circumstantial speech?

A

Rambling to get around telling the point

73
Q

What is Neologism

A

Creation of new words

74
Q

What is rumination?

A

persistant Repetition of thoughts

75
Q

What is clanging?

A

String words together that rhyme

76
Q

What is blocking?

A

Involuntary interuption of speech and thought

77
Q

What is the most common type of hallucination in schiz?

A

Visual/Auditory

78
Q

What are the biological causes of schizo?

A

Excess level of dopamine, receptors and their activity

79
Q

What are the neg (decrease from normal) affects of schizo?

A

social-skills deficits
flattened affect
decrease of speech and thought
psychomotor retardation
failure to experience pleasure

80
Q

What are the positive (added) symptoms of schizophrenia?

A

Hallucinations, delusions, thought disorder

81
Q

What is the psychodynamic perspective regarding schizophrenia?

A

Overwhelming of the ego by primitive sexual or aggressive drives or impulses arising from the id

82
Q

What are the learning perspectives for schizophrenia?

A

Behaviour results from a lack of social reinforcement, this leads to less social engagment and therefore theres an increased attention to a fantasy life

83
Q

What are the bio perspectives for schizo?

A

Genetics, dopamine and viral infections

84
Q

whats the The Dopamine Hypothesis ofschizophrenia?

A

hyperactivity ofdopamine receptor in subcortical/limbic brain regions

85
Q

What does the diathesis stress model look like in schizo?

A

look at slide 35

86
Q

What are the family theories behind schizophrenia?

A

Double bind theory: children who frequently receive contradictory messages from their parents are more likely to develop schizophrenia.

87
Q

What is Tardive Dyskinesia in schizo?

A

Side effect from antipsychotic drug that causes involuntary movements

88
Q

What type of meds for schizo?

A

Antipsychotic

89
Q

What is the % of older adults over the age of 65 w mental illness?

A

10-20%

90
Q

What % of canadian children will develop a mental disorder?

A

10-20%

91
Q

What are the 4 most common categories of behaviour disorders?

A

Anxiety, conduct, ADHD, Depressive disorder

92
Q

What % of high school students report moderate anxiety/depressive symptoms?

A

34%

93
Q

When do Neurodevelopmental disorders begin?

A

Developmental period

94
Q

What is ASD (neurodevelopmental disorder) characterized by?

A

chronic and lifelong, deficits in the ability to relate/communicate and by restricted range of activities

95
Q

When does ASD become evident?

A

between 12-18 months

96
Q

What gender is asd more common in?

A

Boys by 4x!

97
Q

How is ASD rated?

A

severe, moderate and mild

98
Q

What are the behavioural deficits of ASD?

A

communication, fixated interests, difficulties with transitions and sensory issues

99
Q

What is rough and tough play?

A

friendly chasing and play fighting

100
Q

What is the cognitive behavioural perspective behind ASD?

A

Perceptual deficit that allows processing of only one stimulus at a time

101
Q

What are the cognitive theories behind ASD?

A

Both perceptual and cognitive deficits diminish the ability understand social rules

102
Q

What is the theory of mind hypothesis?

A

the ability to attribute a mental state to oneself and others

103
Q

In other words, Theory of mind is thinking about _____

A

thought

104
Q

What is 3 criteria needed for intellectual disability?

A
  1. Deficit in intellectual functioning, 2. evidence of impaired functioning in adaptive, 3. onset of the disorder in developmental period
105
Q

what are the ratings of developmental delay

A

mild, moderate, severe and profound

106
Q

What are the biological causes of intellectual disability

A

chromosome and genetic disorders, Infectious diseases, brain damage

107
Q

What is down syndrome?

A

extra chromosome, intellectual disability and physical abnormalities

108
Q

What are the features of down syndrome

A

round face. broad flat nose and small corners of eyes

109
Q

What is fragile x syndrome

A

Caused by mutated gene on the X sex chromosome
Mild to profound learning disabilities

110
Q

What is Phenylketonuria (PKU)?

A

prevents the metabolization of phenylpyruvic acid
Causes damage to the central nervous system
Intellectual disability
Emotional disturbance

111
Q

What is Tay-Sachs Disease?

A

Recessive gene on chromosome 15, disease of lipid metabolism

112
Q

What are the prenatal factors from intellectual disability?

A

Maternal infections
Rubella (German Measles)
C M V (Cytomegalovirus)
Substance abuse during pregnancy (FAS)

113
Q

What is a Teratogen?

A

A teratogen is a substance, agent, or process that can cause birth defects or increase the risk of a baby being born with a birth defect:

114
Q

What is the familial cause of intellectual disability?

A

Lack toys, books, or opportunities to interact with adults in intellectually stimulating ways

115
Q

What are the behavioural approach to intellectual disability?

A

verbal instruction, physical guidance and reward, social skills training

116
Q

What is a specific learning disability?

A

Impairs school performance or daily activities(can be high or low grades) (math, reading, written expression)

117
Q

What is dyslexia?

A

Children read slowly, distort, omit, or substitute words when reading aloud

118
Q

what is an Individual Education Plan?

A

Document w learning, behaviour description of outcome achievments and evaluation

119
Q

what is the Impairment in Written Expression called?

A

Dysgraphia, Difficulty in composing sentences and paragraphs

120
Q

Key features of ADHD?

A

Characterized by excessive motor activity, impulsivity, and/or an inability to focus one’s attention

121
Q

What are the biological perspectives of ADHD?

A

regulating the processes of attention, inhibition of motor behavior, and executive control

122
Q

What is a conduct disorder?

A

CHILD Intentional patterns of antisocial behaviour that violate social norms and the rights of others
(before age 10)

123
Q

What is the treatment for adhd?

A

Stimulants, CBT, Self talk

124
Q

what are the 4 categories of conduct disorder?

A

aggression to people and animals
destruction of property
deceitfulness or theft
serious violation of rules

125
Q

What is ODD

A

Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)
Characterized by excessive oppositionality or tendencies to refuse requests from parents and others. (must be sustained for 6m)

126
Q

What do learning theorists think of ODD

A

due to inappropriate reinforcement (“giving in”). Associated with Permissive Parenting and neglectful parenting Styles.

127
Q

What is the treatment for ODD

A

parent training and CBT

128
Q

Are Neurocognitive disorders psychologically based?

A

No the Brain is either damaged or impaired

129
Q

What is delirium?

A

State of extreme mental confusion

130
Q

what is delirium from?

A

result of abrupt withdrawal from psychoactive drugs ie alcohol (younger patients)

131
Q

what is treatment for delirium

A

medication neuroleptics

132
Q

what age is late onset dementia and early onset

A

late: after 65 early: 65 or earlier

133
Q

how many disorders are known to cause dementia?

A

50

134
Q

What is alzheimers?

A

Degenerative brain disease that leads to progressive, irreversible dementia

135
Q

What is neuropathy?

A

Depletion of neurotransmitter acetylcholine (Ach), contributes significantly to memory deficits
Inflammation of the brain is common

136
Q

What is the diagnosis of alzheimers dementia?

A

memory test, MRI and PET scans

137
Q

What does advanced AD look like

A

Severe decline in cognitive functions
Lose ability to speak or control body movement
Require assistance in toileting and feeding
Unable to communicate, walk, or sit up
Seizures, coma, and death

138
Q

what is the treatment for AD

A

Modest benefits from drugs
Donepezil (Aricept) increases levels of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine
Antipsychotics for agitation and aggression

139
Q
A

Usask year 4 (8 decks)

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