AALLPORT AND EYSENCK

Question 1

name of Allport theory?

Answer 1

psychology of the individual

Question 2

is concerned with identifying and generalizing universal principles, laws, or traits that apply to groups or populations of people. Social psychologists use this approaches to study social behaviors and relationships across different cultures.

Answer 2

Nomothetic

Question 3

is concerned with understanding the uniqueness of individuals. It aims to study and describe the specific and distinctive characteristics of a single person

Answer 3

idiographic approach

Question 4

procedures which refers to patterned properties of the whole organism and allows for intrapersonal comparisons.

Answer 4

morphogenic

Question 5

a generalized neuropsychic structure (peculiar to the individual), with the capacity to render many stimuli functionally equivalent, and to initiate and guide consistent (equivalent) forms of adaptive and stylistic behavior

Answer 5

personal dispositions

Question 6

are general characteristics held in common by many people and can be revealed by various personality inventories. They provide the means by which people within a given culture can be compared to one another

Answer 6

common traits

Question 7

a well-known characteristic or ruling passion so outstanding that it dominates a person’s life.

Answer 7

cardinal disposition

Question 8

possessed by everyone. This includes the 5 to 10 most outstanding characteristics around which a person’s life focuses. Friends and close acquaintances of a person would agree that these are descriptive of a certain person.

Answer 8

central disposition

Question 9

are less noticeable but far greater in number than central dispositions

Answer 9

Secondary dispositions

Question 10

levels of personal dispositions (3)

Answer 10

cardinal disposition
central disposition
secondary disposition

Question 11

characteristic of disposition (2)

Answer 11

motivational
stylistic

Question 12

are those with strong motivational power because they receive their motivation from basic needs and drives. These initiate actions. (examples: traits like ambition, altruism, achievement motivation, or the need for autonomy.)
this is a characteristic of dispositions

Answer 12

motivational

Question 13

less intensely experienced even though they possess some motivational power because they guide action. (examples: traits like punctuality, talkativeness, a preference for organization, or a tendency to be reserved in social situations. These traits describe how an individual approaches his environment)

Answer 13

stylistic

Question 13

most distinctive and, at the same time, most controversial claim of allport. It refers to a person’s capacity to pursue goals and activities based on their intrinsic motivation and enjoyment, rather than being solely driven by past or external influences.

Answer 13

functional autonomy

Question 14

it is the more elementary of the two levels. It is found in animals as well as humans and is based on simple neurological principles

Answer 14

preservative functional autonomy

Question 15

“The master system of motivation that confers unity on personality”.

Answer 15

Propriate Functional autonomy

Question 16

• superficial, self-serving, means to an end. Optimal contact – needed to reduce prejudice

Answer 16

extrinsic orientation

Question 17

lives religion and internalizes it

Answer 17

intrinsic orientations

Question 18

what is Hans J. Eysenck theory?

Answer 18

Biologically - Based factor Theory

Question 19

who is the main proponent of Biologically Based factor theory

Answer 19

Hans J. Eysenck

Question 20

Eysenck’s PEN model meaning

Answer 20

Psychoticism
Extraversion
Neuroticism

Question 21

– Superego Function
people high on this have a high “predisposition to succumb to stress and develop a psychotic illness

Answer 21

Psychoticism

Question 22

characterized primarily by sociability and impulsiveness but also by playfulness, liveliness, quick-wittedness, optimism, and other traits indicative of people who are rewarded for their association with others.

Answer 22

extraversion

Question 23

are opposite to those of extraverts. They can be described as quiet, passive, unsociable, careful, reserved, thoughtful, pessimistic, peaceful, sober, and controlled

Answer 23

Introverts

Question 24

a physiological condition that is largely inherited rather than learned.

Answer 24

cortical arousal level

Question 25

Stability
People who score high on neuroticism often have a tendency to overreact emotionally and to have difficulty returning to a normal state after emotional arousal

Answer 25

Neuroticism