A3 - Computer software Flashcards
What are the different types of operating systems
Real-time operating system - input is processed and responded quickly. It is used in embedded devices air-traffic control and traffic lights. It is good for when the user needs a quick response from the system
Single user single task - used by one person and only one application can run at a time. Used on all devices that are not compatible as it uses less resources
Single user multitasking - used only by one person multiple applications. Laptops tablets and increase productivity and used but office workers
Multi-User - multiple users can use the application. Used in power servers and super computers. Good for when multiple want to access the same application
Role of operating systems
Networking - uses TCP/IP to direct information over a network. Networking operations include printing, user management and backing up files
Security - They have pre installed tools such as backup facilities, anti viruses and user authentication
Memory management - assigns to memory to running applications. Paging used to make memory allocation more efficient as it uses virtual memory
Multitasking - When new application is opened it requires memory and it is the OS job to assign this. Too many applications can slow down the computer as there is a limited amount of memory and processing time
Device drivers - These connect to computers and communicate with them
Factors affecting choice and use of the interface
Command Line - Uses command prompts to allow the interface to operate.
Advantages - Less memory used and tasks can be carried out quicker
Disadvantages - User needs to learn commands
Graphical - GUI which uses graphical items which the user selects.
Advantages - Simple to use Easy to move data from different applications
Disadvantages - Uses too much processing power and main memory. Experienced users may find frustrating
Menu-based - Options come up as a menu. Used at ATM and food places
Advantages - Easy to use, can translate to many languages
Disadvantages - Option are limited and can be frustrating with many sub menus.
What is open source?
State the advantages and disadvantages
Code is open for everyone
Advantages - Can meet user requirements, Collaborative work, licensing is easy (no copyright)
Disadvantages - No professional support, hackers can cause problems
What is proprietary software? State the advantages and disadvantages
Code that is private and is made by a company
Advantages - Software is supported with regular backups
Disadvantages - Subscription fee and cannot change code to meet user needs
Purpose, features, and uses of application software
Allows users to carry out tasks
Productivity software - USes word processing which allows documents to be created, presentation software to carry out presentations, and database software to manage finances
Graphical - CAD can be used to create complex drawings, graphic design, and editing for pictures/videos
Personal - Entertainment such as streaming and listening to music, home appliances, and gaming
Communication - Facebook
Purpose, features, and uses of utility software
Used to manage the system
Disk defragmenter - Looks at data and regroups similar data which would make the system more efficient and allow the user to receive data quicker
Backups - Regular backups allows to recover lost data
Disk cleaner - removes unused data. redundant data
Antivirsues
Firewall monitors what comes in and goes out
