A1: Basic organics

Question 1

Define homologous series

Answer 1

A series of organic compounds with the same functional group, each successive member differing by a CH2

Question 2

Define functional group

Answer 2

A group of atoms responsible for a compound’s properties and characteristic reactions

Question 3

Alkyl group formula

Answer 3

CnH2n+1

Question 4

Define aliphatic

Answer 4

A compound containing a C and H joined in straight chains, branched chains or non-aromatic rings

Question 5

Alicyclic

Answer 5

An aliphatic compound arranged in non-aromatic rings with/without side chains

Question 6

define aromatic

Answer 6

A compound containing a benzene ring

Question 7

Alkene general formula

Answer 7

CnH2n

Question 8

Haloalkane general formula

Answer 8

CnH2n+1

Question 9

Alcohol general formula

Answer 9

CnH2n+1OH

Question 10

Alkane general formula

Answer 10

CnH2n+2

Question 11

Ketone general formula

Answer 11

CnH2nO

Question 12

Carboxylic acid general formula

Answer 12

CnH2n+1COOH

Question 13

Aldehyde general formula

Answer 13

CnH2n+1CHO

Question 14

Effect of carbon chain length on BP of alkanes

Answer 14

longer chain alkanes have higher boiling points as they have more electrons so stronger London forces, which require more energy to overcome

Question 15

Effect of branching on BP of alkanes

Answer 15

More branching means there are less points of contact between molecules, so weaker London forces, meaning a lower BP