A1 Flashcards
What are the three cranial meninges?
Pis, Arachnoid, and Dura maters
What are the two layers of the dura mater?
Periosteal and Meningeal layers (outside to inside)
Where is CSF found?
Subarachnoid space
What does the Falx cerebri separate and where does it attach?
Separates the two hemispheres
Attaches to the frontal crest of frontal bone, crista galli of ethmoid bone and the internal occipital protuberance
What does the tentorium cerebellum separate and where does it attach?
Occipital lobe and cerebellum
Cliniod process of sphenoid, petrous temporal, internal surface of occipital bone and parts of the parietal bone
What is the Falx cerebellum attachments and separations?
Attaches to the internal occipital crest
Separates cerebellum hemispheres
What is the diagrammatic Sellae attachment and separations?
Attaches to the clinoid process of the sphenoid bone
Separates the pituitary gland from the cerebrum
What is the artery supply to the dura mater?
Middle meningeal artery from the maxillary external carotid
Why is the middle meningeal artery at risk?
Crosses the thinnest part of the skull - pterion which is made up of fusion between temporal, frontal, parietal, and sphenoid bones
Where does the middle meningeal vein leave the brain and where does it join.
Foreman spinosum
It goes off to drain in the pterygoid plexus
What are the nerve innervations of the dura?
CNX, CNV and First cervical nerve
What are the spinal meninges?
Pia, arachnoid and dura maters
What is the denticulate ligament?
Suspends spinal cord in the dura sac by extending laterally and attaching to inner dural sac surface
What is the lumbar cistern? What does it contain?
Enlargement of subarachnoid space between L2-S2 vertebrae
It contains the cauda equina and nerve root pairs from L2
When does the spinal cord terminate?
L1 at the conus medullaris
What is the filum terminale?
Extension of pia mater in the dural sac down to s2
What are the parts of the ventricular system?
Lateral, third and fourth ventricles
What is the course of the CSF?
Ependymal cells in lateral ventricle > inter-ventricular foramen to third ventricle > cerebral aqueduct to fourth ventricle > median and lateral apertures > subarachnoid space > reabsorbed by arachnoid villi
What are the major cistern in the brain?
Cisterna ambiens (continuous with quadrigeminal cistern)
Quadrigeminal
Chiasmatic
Interpeduncular
Pontocerebellar
What are the sinuses of the brain?
Superior sagittal sinus
Inferior sagittal sinus
Straight sinus
Transverse sinus (splits into the superior petrosal and sigmoid sinuses)
Sigmoid gives rise to the inferior petrosal sinus
Cavernous sinus ( goes to anterior and posterior intercavernous)
What transverses the cavernous sinus?
O TOM CAT
Oculomotor n
Trochlear n Abducens n Carotid (internal) v
Ophthalmic (cnv1)
Maxillary (cnv2)
Where is the cavernous sinus found?
Either side of the pituitary gland and the body of the sphenoid
What are the branches that supply the brain?
Internal carotid gives off the anterior and middle cerebral arteries after it enters the carotid canal
The vertebral arteries come off the subclavian artery and ascends through the 6th foramina transversarium and upwards
What are the venous drainage of the brain?
Superior vein (into superior sagittal sinus)
Inferior and superior middle cerebral veins (drain into straight, transverse and superior petrosal sinus)
The superior and inferior cerebellum veins (into transverse and sigmoid sinus)
From there into cavernous sinus into the inferior
