A&P1 Test 2 Flashcards
How many bones are there in the human body?
206
What is the only bone that doesn’t articulate with another bone?
Hyoid bone
What does the hyoid bone do?
It serves as a moveable base for the tongue. It’s also the only bone that doesn’t articulate with any other bone in the body.
What are the fused bones of the vertebra?
The sacrum and coccyx
How many bones do the fused bones of the vertebra have?
Sacrum: 5 bones. Coccyx: 4 bones
What are the non-fused bones of the vertebra, and how many bones each are there?
The bones are cervical, thoracic and lumbar. The #s are: 7 cervical, 12 thoracic and 5 lumbar.
What is the vertical foramen?
The hole in each of the vertebrae.
Where is the vertical foramen biggest? Why?
Vertical foramen is biggest in C1(atlas) & C2 (axis), where the brain stem emerges into the spine.
What are bones in the brain joined by?
Sutures
How many sets of bones does the skull have? What are they?
2 sets: the cranium bones and the facial bones
What is the bony thorax?
The rib cage
How many bones in the bony thorax?
24 (12 pairs)
What are the bones in the bony thorax?
True ribs (1- 7), false ribs (8 - 12). The last two ribs are called floating ribs
What are floating ribs?
The last 2 sets of ribs in the bony thorax (#11, 12). They’re called “false” because they only do not connect to the sternum.
What is another name for floating ribs?
False ribs.
What are the 5 functions of bones?
Support the body, protect organs, movement (due to attached skeletal muscles), storage of fats and minerals (yellow bone marrow), blood cell formation (red bone marrow)
What is the lamella?
Lamella is the matrix of the bone.
What are 2 salts in the inorganic material in bone?
Calcium hydroxide and calcium phosphate. They form hydroxyapatite.
What is the organic material of bone matrix made of?
Collagen fibers, which provide the bone with resilience and the ability to resist stretching and twisting.
What are 3 parts of the axial skeleton?
Skull, bony thorax, vertebral column
In the skull, what is the mandible and how is it attached?
Mandible = jawbone.Only the mandible is attached by a freely movable joint.
What are paranasal sinuses?
Hollow portions of bones surrounding the nasal cavity
What is the function of paranasal sinuses?
Lighten the skull
Give resonance and amplification to voice
How are vertebrae given names?
By their location