A&P Test 3

Question 1

Name an inhibitory neurotransmitter

Answer 1

GABA

Question 2

What’s the most common neurotransmitter? What are some others?

Answer 2

Achetylcholine (ACH), serotonin, dopamine, epinephrine, norepenephrine

Question 3

Give an example of a neuromuscular junction

Answer 3

Synoatrial node (heart muscle)

Question 4

What is needed for muscle conduction?

Answer 4

ATP and Ca

Question 5

What is the Rough ER in a neuron called?

Answer 5

Nissl bodies. They’re rough ER and free ribosomes. They make up the “grey matter.”

Question 6

What are the neuroglia in the CNS?

Answer 6

Astrocytes, oligodendroytes, enpendymal cells and microglia

Question 7

What are the neuroglia in the PNS?

Answer 7

Satellite cells and Schwann cells

Question 8

All neurons that come from the spinal cord end up in …

Answer 8

ganglia.

Question 9

Divide the nervous system into its parts

Answer 9

CNS: brain and spinal cord. PNS: all other nerves. PNS is then divided into autonomic (involuntary) and somatic (voluntary) divisions.

Question 10

What’s the most abundant neuroglia in the CNS?

Answer 10

Astrocytes

Question 11

Name the 5 classifications of neuron receptors

Answer 11

Mechanoreceptor (mechanical stimulus i.e., BAROreceptor in heart), thermoreceptor (sensitive to temp change), chemoreceptor (ACH, neurotransmittors or fragrance), electromagnetic (photoreceptor) – rods & cones in eyes– and nociceptor (pain receptor) extreme temps

Question 12

How are nerve receptors classified by location (distribution)?

Answer 12

External (touch, pressure, temp) and Internal (stimuli from inside body – hunger and Propioceptor (found only in skeletal muscle, tendons and joints)

Question 13

What are the 6 regions of the brain?

Answer 13

Cerebrum, cerebellum, diencephalon, mesencephalon, pons & medulla oblongata

Question 14

Name the functions of the cerebrum

Answer 14

Intellectual function, memory, regulation of skeletal muscle contractions (voluntary & Involuntary)

Question 15

What is the diencephalon made up of?

Answer 15

Thalamus and hypothalamus

Question 16

In the diencephalon, what does the thalamus do?

Answer 16

Processing centers for sensory information

Question 17

In the diencephalon, what does the hypothalamus do?

Answer 17

Controls emotion, hormone production and autonomic functions

Question 18

What does the mesencephalon control?

Answer 18

Visual & auditory data and consciousness. It includes the startle reflex (head turning, eye movement) in response to stimuli.

Question 19

What does the pons control?

Answer 19

The pons connects the cerebellum to the brain stem (pons is Latin for “bridge”). It relays sensory info to cerebellum and thalamus. It contains muscles involved with somatic and visceral motor control.

Question 20

What does the medulla oblongata regulate?

Answer 20

Controls major centers that regulate autonomic function, such as heart rate, blood pressure and digestion. It regulates visceral function (cardiovascular, respiratory & digestive system activities)

Question 21

What does the cerebellum control?

Answer 21

Motor functions

Question 22

In embryonic development, the prosencephaon becomes ….

Answer 22

the diencephalon and cerebellum

Question 23

In embryonic development, the mesencephalon becomes

Answer 23

the mesecepphalon

Question 24

In embryonic development, the rhombencephalon becomes

Answer 24

the cerebellum, medulla oblongata and pons

Question 25

What connects the spinal cord to the brain?

Answer 25

Brain stem

Question 26

What makes up the brain stem?

Answer 26

Mesencephalon, pons, and medulla oblongata

Question 27

Name an excitatory neurotransmitter and an inhibitory neurotransmitter

Answer 27

Excitatory: glutamate. Inhibitory: GABA