A&P Lab Test 3 Flashcards
How many primary tissue types are found in the human body? What are they?
4 tissue types: epithelium, connective, nervous and muscle.
Which of the following is not connective tissue? Why? 1. bones 2. ligaments 3. neurons 4. tendons
Ans: Neurons. Neurons are nerve tissue, not connective tissue.
Give an example where transitional epithelia may be found
The bladder
What are the 8 types of epithelial tissue?
Simple and stratified squamous, cuboidal and columnar, plus pseudostratified and transitional
What is the neuromuscular junction?
The synapse between the neuron and muscle. Also: The term for the connection between the nervous system and the muscle fiber. It is a type of synapse– a connection from a neuron to either another neuron or a muscle or another effector organ. Regardless, it is a connection from that sends electrical information to another place. This electrical information has to travel from one cell to another. The problem is that each cell is an independent unit, and there is space between the two cells that must communicate electrically.
The study of tissue is called…
histology
Provide an example of simple squamous epithelium
lining of heart & blood vessels
What is diffusion?
Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to low concentration
What is the most common tissue type?
Connective tissue
Give an example of connective tissue
Blood. Bone. Ligaments. Tendons. Adipose. Areolar.
Areolar tissue is….
loose connective tissue
Collagen is part of what in a cell?
Ground substance.
Where can stratified squamous epithelium be found?
Lining of the mouth
What are the 4 main types of connective tissue?
Connective tissue proper (areolar, adipose, reticular and dense [fibrous]), cartilage, blood and bone.
Name the 3 kinds of muscle cells
Smooth, cardiac, skeletal
Where can simple cuboidal tissue be found?
kidney tubules, ovary surface
What are the 5 major functions of epithelium in the body?
SAFE-P: secretion, absorption, filtration, excretion, protection. Also: SENSORY RECEPTION
What factors affect diffusion rate?
Distance, molecule size, temperature, gradient size, electrical forces
Erythrocytes and leukocytes are what kind of tissue?
Fluid connective tissue. They’re RBC (erythrocytes) and WBC (leukocytes).
What is osmotic pressure?
The force of a concentration gradient of water.
What are the 4 structural classifications of neurons?
Anaxonic, bipolar, unipolar and multipolar.
Where are anaxonic neurons found?
Mostly in the brain.
Where are multipolar neurons found?
In the CNS. Includes all skeletal muscle motor neurons.
Give an example of a neuromuscular junction.
Heart muscle: synoatrial node (SA node)
What gets released at the neuromuscular junction?
Acetylcholine
What are the 4 types of neuroglia in the CNS?
Astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, ependymal and microglial
What do astrocytes do?
They help form the blood-brain barrier and are the most abundant neuroglia in the CNS.
What do microglial neuroglia do?
Remove debris (they’re defensive cells in CNS)
What is the function of ependymal neuroglia?
They produce cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
What do oligodendrocytes do?
They wrap around axons and produce myelination (myelin sheaths)
What types of neuroglia are in the PNS?
Schwann cells and satellite cells
What generates and conducts nerve impulses?
Axons
Where do neurons divide?
Only in the nodes.
All neurons that come from the spinal cord end up in ________
ganglia.
Give an example of autonomic nerve impulse
cardiac muscle (involuntary)
Give an example of somatic nerve impulse
skeletal muscle (voluntary)
Another name for Schwann cells is…..
neurolemma
What do Schwann cells do?
Form myelin sheaths
Name several neurotransmitters
Acetylcholine, GABA, seratonin, histamine, dopamine, epinephrine, Norepinephrine (NE)
What produces action potential?
Cell body. Action potent is electrical signal.
