A&P final Flashcards

1
Q

Spermatazoa

A

Male gametes

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2
Q

spermatogenesis

A

process by which sperm prodiction occurs

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3
Q

Epididymis

A

Organ that is storage for the spermatozoa

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4
Q

Sperm devlopment steps

A

Primary spermatocyte, secondary spermatocyte, spermatids, spermatozoa

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5
Q

2 main functions of the of the testes

A

Spermatogenesis, and hormone production

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6
Q

Interstitial cells

A

Produce male sex hormones

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7
Q

Adrogens

A

Male sex hormones

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8
Q

Testosterone

A

Hormone responsible for the development of male secondary sex characteristics, and builds muscle

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9
Q

Sperm

A

Head, midpiece, long narroe tail. head contains the payload of the cell, nucleus. Mid peice is the power house

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10
Q

Acrosome

A

Caplike structure that covers the head of sperm. Contains enzymes that help penetrate the egg

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11
Q

Gubernaculum

A

A band of connective tissue that attaches the testes to their eventual permanate home in the scrotom before birth.

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12
Q

Inguinal rings

A

2 slitlike openings in the abdominal muscles

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13
Q

Cremaster muscle

A

A bandlike muscle that attaches to the scrotum, can adjust the position of the testes relative to the body

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14
Q

Spermadic cords

A

Link the testes with the rest of the body

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15
Q

Pampiniform plexus

A

interactive mesh work of tiny veins derived from the testicular veins. helps cool the blood from the rest of the body going to the testes

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16
Q

Vas deferens/ductus deferens

A

Moves the sperm from the epididymis up to the urethra when ejaculation occurs

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17
Q

Seminal vesicles

A

Store and produce the mojority of the fluid that make up the semen

18
Q

Prostate gland

A

Produce fluid that nurishes and transports sperm

19
Q

Bulbourethral glands/cowpers gland

A

Secrete the mucinous fluid just before ejaculation that clears and lubricates the urethra for the passage of semen

20
Q

2 erectile tissue structures

A

Corpus cavernosum urethrae
Corpus cavernosum penis

21
Q

Penis of the horse

A

Corona glandis- widest part
urethral process- the distal end of the urethra extends from a central depression
Fossa glandis- the tip of the penis

22
Q

Sigmoid flexure

A

nonerect penis of the bull, ram, and boar is normally bent into an S shape

23
Q

Oligodendroglia cell

A

Flat, wraps themselves around the axon and becomes the Myelin sheath

24
Q

Astrocytes

A

blood brain barrier, bridge between the blood and the brain protecting it

25
Q

Microglia

A

Phagocyte cell

26
Q

Neuron to conduct electricity

A

O2-Blood supply
Glucose-Blood supply
No pressure

27
Q

Afferent

A

Sensory nerve carrying messages back to the brain

28
Q

Efferent

A

Motor nerves carry messages away from the brain

29
Q

Neocorte

A

Outer layer of brain, grey matter. Not as engaged and thick in animals as it is in people. This is helpful in vet med makes it easier for animals to come back from injury unlike people.

30
Q

Cerebral Hemispheres

A

Largest parts of the brain

31
Q

Cerebellum

A

muscle Coordination

32
Q

Pituitary gland

A

Produce and release several hormonnes that help with things like metabolism and reproduction

33
Q

Choroid plexus

A

Prodution of CSF

34
Q

Medulla oblangata

A

controls heart function, part of the autonomic nervous system

35
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Autonomic nervous system. Above the pituitary gland. Produces hormones that will be released by the pituitary gland, CNS nuclei control many things we are not in control of

36
Q

Medulla oblangata CNA nuclei

A

Emetic center, Cough center, Pneumotaxic Center, Cardiac Inhibitory center, Meninges

37
Q

Etiologies of inflammation

A

Burns
Allergy/histamine
Ischemia
Autoimmune disease
Neoplasia
Foreign body- Bacteria, virus, fungus

38
Q

Cytokines

A

Small proteins when released they signal the immune system to do its job. Crucial in controlling the growth and activity of other immune system cells and blood cells.

39
Q

Olfactory
Optic
Oculomotor
Trochlear

A

Mt & Smell
Mt & Vision
Mt & eye movement, pupil size
Mt & Eye movement

40
Q

Trigeminal
Abducent
Facial
Vestibulocochlear

A

Both & Sensory- head Motor- Teeth
MT & Facial expresion
Both & M- Muscle sof face, tear glands, salivary glands, S- Taste buds
S & Hearing and balance

41
Q

Glossopharengeal
Vagus
Spinal accessory
Hypoglossal

A

Both & M- Swallowing and sallivation S- Taste
Both & M- Larynx, pharynx, abdominal, thoracic, S-Resp and GI tract
Mt & Movement of the head
Mt & Movement of the tounge

42
Q
A