A&P 1 lecture slides Flashcards
Basic characteristics of organism
Organization
Responsiveness
Growth & differentiation
Reproduction
Movement
Metabolism and Excretion
Homeostasis
maintenance of a relatively constant internal environment
Negative feedback
a corrective mechanism that opposes and corrects a variation outside normal limits
Positive Feedback
a mechanism that increases a deviation from normal limits after an initial stimulus
Levels of Organization
Chemical or Molecular Level (non-living)
Cellular Level smallest living units of the body; organelles inside
Tissue Level group of specialized cells working together
Organ Level, has 2 or more tissues acting together in a single organ
Organ System Level
Organism Level
What Is Anatomy?
the study of the internal and external structures of the body and the relationships among these structures
6 types of Anatomy
surface
regional
systemic
developmental
cytology
histology
Gross anatomy
the study of body structures large enough to be examined without the help of magnifying devices
Surface anatomy
seeing the anatomy that lies beneath the skin
Regional anatomy
learning the anatomy of a specific anatomical region
Systemic anatomy
study of organ systems
Developmental anatomy
how does our anatomy develop
What type of anatomy is surface, regional, systemic and developmental anatomy?
Gross anatomy or Macroscopic anatomy
Cytology
study of cell structure and function
Histology
study of tissue structure and function
What type of anatomy is cytology and histology?
Microscopic Anatomy
Physiology
The study of the function of the anatomy of the body
4 types of physiology
Cell
Special
Systemic
Pathological
Cell physiology
function of cells and tissues. The biological study of the activities that take place in a cell to keep it alive
Special physiology
the physiological study of specific organs, e.g. cardiac physiology, which is the study of heart function
Systemic physiology
a branch of physiology that deals with the study of specific organ systems, such as how they function e.g. the digestive system
Pathological physiology
study of the effects of disease on the functioning of the body
Dorsal Body Cavity
Cranial cavity
Spinal cavity
Ventral Body Cavity
Thoracic cavity
Abdominopelvic cavity
What does the Thoracic cavity contain and what is it lined by
contains the heart and lungs (right and left pleural cavities mediastinum, also containing the pericardial cavity). Lined by serous membranes
Where is the Abdominopelvic cavity and what does it contain
is found between the diaphragm and the top of the pelvic bones. Contains the stomach, liver, small intestine, and most of the large intestine.
What is the Abdominopelvic cavity lined by
It is lined by serous membrane
Where is the pelvic cavity and what does it contain
is found within the pelvis, is bounded below by a muscular floor, contains the reproductive organs, urinary bladder, and the last portion of the large intestine
serous fluid
Found in many areas of the human body. Its main role is to lubricate and cushion organs and surfaces in the body, reducing friction between them. Has the consistency of oil.
What are the steps that take place in homeostasis
Receptor
Control Center
Effector
