[A] Biological interventions Flashcards
What two types do drugs tend to fit into?
Agonists - a less harmful replacement for the addiction.
Antagonists - block target receptor sites.
How does nicotine replacement therapy work?
It administers substitute nicotine through a range of products including patches, gum and inhalers.
How does substitute nicotine act?
In the same way as regular nicotine, stimulating neurotransmitters.
How is the person brought to a final quit?
The dosage of the nicotine replacement therapy is slowly weakened until the person is weaned off altogether.
How is pharmaceutical nicotine safer?
It does not contain many of the harmful carcinogens found in cigarettes like tar.
Consider how effective nicotine replacement therapy is in three points.
- Alternative for those who can’t give up which is still safer.
- Davidson et al reported 12 month abstinence rates of 28% for those on patches compared to 18% for placebos.
- Some products can be uncomfortable or distasteful.
What is naltrexone?
An antagonist drug which blocks opioid receptors, reducing pleasurable effects of the addictive substance.
What is the central idea behind antagonist drugs?
Without the reinforcing effects, the user will no longer want to take the drug and the habit will be broken.
What drug is prescribed for problem drinking?
Nalmefene.
Consider how effective naltrexone is in three points.
- Versatile, can be used on a variety of addictions including gambling.
- Psychological symptoms of addiction are not treated/considered.
- Can control unpleasant withdrawal symptoms.