9E-making materials

Question 1

Why do different materials have different properties?

Answer 1

The particles (or atoms) within the material are arranged in different ways so have different strengths forces of attraction between them

Question 2

why is a metal dense?

Answer 2

the metal particles (or atoms) are held very closely together by strong forces of attraction

Question 3

what does porous mean?

Answer 3

a porous material has lots of gaps in the structure that will allow water to flow through it.

Question 4

why do metals have high melting points?

Answer 4

The metal particles (or atoms) are held very closely together by strong forces of attraction. It takes a lot of energy to break them, so that’s why metals have a high melting point..

Question 4

what is a composite material?

Answer 4

A combination of two or more materials with some of the properties of each

Question 5

Name 3 composite materials?

Answer 5

Concrete, GRP,Kevlar,composite,safety glass

Question 6

Name 3 ceramics?

Answer 6

Glass, China, Ceramics,Porcelain

Question 7

State 3 common properties of ceramics?

Answer 7

Hard, High melting points, good insulators of heat and electricity, very unreactive, heat resistant

Question 8

what is a lattice structure?

Answer 8

a large number of atoms all join together in a regular pattern

Question 9

why are ceramics strong?

Answer 9

The atoms arrange themselves into a rigid lattice structure

Question 10

What would you expect to see in crystals that have been cooled in slowly?

Answer 10

Larger crystals

Question 11

What is a polymer?

Answer 11

A compound made by joining lots of small monomer molecules together

Question 12

Name 3 polymers?

Answer 12

Rubber, PVC, Polythene,nylon,PVC

Question 13

What molecular structure would you see in a polymer?

Answer 13

A long chain made up of repeated groups of atoms

Question 14

What does exothermic mean?

Answer 14

Transfers energy to the surrounding

Question 15

How do we make polymers stronger and less flexible?

Answer 15

Attach long polymer chains together by cross-linking them. This is called vulcanisation

Question 16

Why do you vulcanise rubber?

Answer 16

To make it harder and tougher, and stop its properties from changing with temperature

Question 17

State 3 common properties of polymers?

Answer 17

Usually insulators, are flexible, are light and can be moulded.

Question 17

What is natural rubber plastic?

Answer 17

When the material is heated the molecules slide over each other but do not go back to the original shape after they have been stretched and cooled.

Question 18

Why is vulcanised rubber elastic?

Answer 18

The molecules can’t slide over each other, so the material returns to its original shape after it has been stretched.

Question 19

what is a finite resource?

Answer 19

a resource with a limited supply that will eventually run out.

Question 20

What are most plastics made from?

Answer 20

chemicals that come from oil, gas or coal.

Question 21

what is recycling?

Answer 21

The process of converting waste materials that would normally be thrown away into new materials and objects.

Question 22

State 3 advantages of recycling?

Answer 22

1) reduce the amount of waste sent to landfill sights.
2) Conserves natural resources such as fossil fuels.
3) May use less energy than producing new products from raw materials

Question 23

what are microplastics?

Answer 23

Plastic materials that have broken up into smaller and smaller pieces of plastic

Question 24

what is bioaccumulation?

Answer 24

Where a creature ingests a material that it can not get rid of so it accumulates in the body

Question 25

Explain biomagnification?

Answer 25

Toxins are concentrated as they go up the food chain

Question 26

Is biomagnification more significant at the top of bottom of the food chain ?

Answer 26

the top.

Question 27

What does biodegradable mean?

Answer 27

Materials that can be broken down naturally

Question 28

What does non-biodegradable mean?

Answer 28

Materials that cannot be broken down naturally.