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Science > 9A- Genetics Key Words > Flashcards

9A- Genetics Key Words Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

DNA

A

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

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2
Q

Chromosome

A

Large molecule of tightly packed, DNA

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3
Q

Double helix

A

The spiral structure of DNA

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4
Q

Hydrogen bond

A

A bond between the bases of two DNA strands

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5
Q

Bases

A

Molecules in the centre of the DNA structure

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6
Q

Complimentary bases pairs

A

Adenine+Thymine, Guanine+Cytosine (A+T, G+C)

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7
Q

Gene

A

A section of DNA

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8
Q

Rosalind Franklin

A

Pioneering female scientist that played a major role in the discovering the structure of DNA (only recently credited for her work)

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9
Q

Precipitate

A

When a solid is formed during a chemical reaction

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10
Q

Variation

A

Difference between organisms

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11
Q

Characteristics

A

A quality, trait or feature on an individual organism

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12
Q

Genetic variation

A

Variation that is caused by genes

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13
Q

Environmental variation

A

Variation caused by the environment

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14
Q

Mutation

A

A change in the DNA sequence

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15
Q

Continuous variation

A

Variation that can be any value within a given range

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16
Q

Discontinuous variation

A

Variation that can only have a set value

17
Q

Physical adaptation

A

Adaptations to an organism body that help it survive in their environment.

Easy definition: a body part or feature that helps an organism survive in its environment

18
Q

Behavioural adaptations

A

Something that an animal does in response to its environment to help it survive

19
Q

Competition

A

When organisms will compete for food, water, space and mates

20
Q

Evolution

A

How living things change over time

21
Q

Natural selection

A

The process by which a species changes over time in response to the environment or competition.

Easy definition: a mechanism of evolution

22
Q

Charles Darwin

A

The ecologist, who introduced the theory of evolution.

23
Q

Selection pressure

A

Factors an organism faces in its environment that impact Its likelihood of survival.

24
Q

Niche

A

The role an organism has within its environment

25
Q

Habitat

A

Where an organism lives

Science (12 decks)

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