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Science > 8E > Flashcards

8E Flashcards

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1
Q

what is fuel

A

a fuel is a chemical substance from which stored energy can be transferred usefully to make things happen

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2
Q

what are the common fuels found in fuels

A

hydrogen,petrol,diesel,coal,oil and natrual gas

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3
Q

what type of energy is stored in fuels

A

chemical energy

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4
Q

what energy transfer occurs when fuels are burnt

A

chemical energy is transferred into thermal energy

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5
Q

what is combustion

A

a chemical reaction between a fuel and oxygen to produce an oxide

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5
Q

what is energy density

A

the amount of chemical energy stored per kilogram of fuel

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6
Q

what is required for combustion to occur

A

a chemical reaction between a fuel and oxygen to produce carbon dioxide

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7
Q

what is an oxidation reaction

A

a spark or a flame and oxygen (fire triangle)

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8
Q

why is combustion called an oxidation

A

any reaction that occurs with oxygen

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9
Q

what is combustion called an oxidation reaction?

A

during combustion, a fuel will react with oxygen

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10
Q

what is a fossil fuel

A

a fuel formed from the dead remains of organisms over millons of year

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11
Q

what are three types of fossil fuel

A

coal, oil and natrul gas

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12
Q

what is hydrocarbon?

A

a compound made up of only hydrogen a carbon atoms

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13
Q

what does a power station do?

A

a power station uses thermal energy from fuels to power generators and produce electricity

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14
Q

why are fossil fuels used in power stations

A

high energy density and are east to source

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15
Q

what are the advantages of fossil fuels

A

fuel is readily available and inexpensive to use reliable source of high density fuel

16
Q

what are the disadvantages of fossil fuels

A

non-renewable
produces carbon dioxide when burning contributing

17
Q

what two pollutants are produced by incomplete combustion

A

carbon monoxide ans soot

18
Q

what gas is produced by burning hydrocarbons with impurities

A

sulfur dioxide

19
Q

what is used in most cars to remove polluting gases from the exhaust

A

catalytic converters

20
Q

what type of reaction is used in chimneys and on the ground to reduce the effects of Acid Rain

A

neautralisation

21
Q

what does global warming mean

A

the earth heating up

22
Q

what does climate change mean

A

distruption to the earths weather system

23
Q

what is the enhanced greenhouse effect?

A

an increase in the greenhouse effect caused by human emissions

24
Q

what is the link between greenhouse gases and climate change?

A

greenhouse gases leads to enhanced greenhouse effect leads to iglobal warming leads to climate change

Science (12 decks)

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