9. Tudors Flashcards
Welsh dynasty!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1
Beginning of the Renaissance
1485
Religious turmoil resulted in…
The English reformation
Tudor England characteristics (name 4):
-colonial expansion,
-middle class
-urbanisation
-arts and literature
What political system was developing in Tudor England?
Centralised and absolute monarchy
(with cooperation with Parliament)
How was Henry VII called?
Salomon of England
Henry VII’s foreign policy (name 2):
-trade promotion
-avoiding wars with France, Scotland
Intercursus Magnus secured…..
English export of wool
First “English” explorer:
John Cabot (1497): explored Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, Newfoundland, Labrador
How many wifes did Henry VIII have?
Six
Why did England become a European diplomatic power during Henry VIII’s rule?
Royal Navy, artillery fortifications,
Henry VIII aimed to upheld the balance of power between…
France and Spain
War of the Holy League was a conflict between…
England & Auld Alliance
1513 -a Scottish national tragedy:
Battle of Flodden (1513)
When was Wales officially annexed into England?
1536,1542
Crown of Ireland Act (152)
Henry VIII becomes the King of Ireland
Lollards were…
Supporters of John Wycliffe
English reformation starts out of…..
Politics (NOT out of DOCTRINE)
Reforms of the English church are based on…
acts of the English Parliament
Why did Henry VIII become excommunicated?
He wanted to annul his marriage (due to no male successors)
What did Henry VIII in responce to being excommunicated?
Called himself the Supreme head of the church
Act of Supremacy (year +meaning)
Act of Supremacy -1534,
Meant that the kings will be the supreme heads of the church, not Rome
How did the Church of England compromise Protestantism & Catholicism?
bishops remained, but were appointed by the king
Who was Thomas Wolsey?
An excellent diplomat
(Henry VIII’s reign)
Who was Thomas More?
Scholar and catholic humanist, executed and canonised
Who was Thomas Cromwell?
Chief minister of the Crown,
author of the Dissolution of Monasteries
“Architect of the Rudor revolution”:
Thomas Cromwell
The official liturgy of the Church of England:
Books of Common Prayer
(author: Thomas Cranmer)
Who ruled after Henry VIII?
Edward VI
Edwardian reformation:
Protestantism becomes dominant in England
Who ruled after Edward VI?
Mary I Tudor
(Bloody Mary)
Mary I politics and religion:
She was catholic and prosecuted Protestants
“The brightest jewel in the English Crown”
Calais
Was was the Elizabethan age also called?
The golden age
“Virgin Queen”:
Elizabeth I
Elizabeth I’s politics:
-governed, not ruled
-overseas expansion
Elizabethan Religious Statement of 1559:
Compromise between extreme Protestantism and Catholicism, political stability
Supreme GOVERNOR of the established Church of England:
Elizabeth I
Church of England was still opposed by:
-Roman catholics
-Scottish presbyterians
-Puritans
Who were the Puritans?
Extreme protestants, aiming to “purify” religion of all catholic elements.
Growing in power
Who started the House of Stuart?
James I of England
(James VI of Scotland)
Who was Francis Drake?
Most famous mariner in Elizabethan Age
What was the Spanish Armada? (1558)
Spanish invasion of England
Causes for the Spanish invasion (1558):
-to destroy protestantism
-avenge Mary Stuart
-English Sea Dogs
Who were the “Sea dogs”?
State-paid pirates, who destroyed Spanish ships
Result of the Spanish Armada (1588):
-English naval victory
-decline of Spanish sea power
Writers from the Elizabethan era:
Shakespeare, Marlowe, Sidney
