7. Normans and Plantagenets Flashcards
go watch "normal ppl" it very gud
What is the difference between feudalism in Europe and the one in Norman England?
In Norman England, the lowest sub-tenant also swore loyality to the king (not only to his tenant)
When did the Norman conquest/invasion begin?
1066
Who are the Normans?
Vikings who settled in Normandy
Three successors to the throne in 1066:
-Harold Godwinson (earl of Wessex)
-Harold Hardrada -king od Norway
-William the Bastard/Conqueror -duke of Normandy
Which successor did the Pope bless?
William the Bastard/Conqueror
The end of the Viking age was due to a battle called…
The Battle of Stamford Bridge (1066)
Battle of Hastings (year+who won)
1066,
Normans WON
What happened to the 3 successors? -Harold Godwinson
-killed in the battle of Hastings (1066)
What happened to the 3 successors? -William the Conqueror:
Crowned king of England in 1066
The Norman royal dynasty meant that… (name 2)
-Kings of England = dukes of Normandy
-England involved in French politics
Bayeux Tapestry is…
a comic strip depicting the Norman Conquest
Politics of William the Conqueror:
-feudalism
-a separate judicial system and a separate common law
-castles
Domesday Book is…
a survey of property
Division of Wales:
-Marchia Walllia -controlled
-Wallia Pura (Proper Wales) -independent
Who were the upper and lower class in Norman England?
-Normans -upper
-Anglo-Saxons -lower
Languages of Norman England:
-Anglo-Norman (Norman French)
-English
-Latin
When was Norman French used?
Upper classes, royal court, law courts
When was English used?
unwritten dialect, middle and low classes
When was Latin used?
The language of the Catholic Church
Constitutions of Clarendon (1164) -explain
Clerks who commited crimes were judged by the church, but punishe by the royal court
The first English colony (1170):
The Pale around Dublin (1170)
Henry II invades Ireland and establishes…
The Lordship of Ireland (1172-1541)
Which king lost Normandy?
John the Lackland
First Barons’ War (years)
1215-1217
Why did the First Barons’ War start? (1215-1217)
John’s Lackland attempt to recapture Normandy caused severe taxes
The most important document in English history:
Magna Carta Libertatum (1215)
Magna Carta Libertatum (1215) -name 4:
-protection of church rights
-no sentence without a trial
-limitations on feudal payments
-council of 25 barons
First limitation of King’s power by law:
Magna Carta Libertatum (1215)
Who ruled England during the First Barons’ War?
John the Lackland, Henry III
Reasons for the Second Barons’ War (1258-1265),
name 3:
-Henry III’s ambition
-royal control of treasury
-taxes
In 1258 the barons make Henry III grant the…
Provisions of Oxford (1258)
First document written in English (since the Norman Conquest):
Provisions of Oxford (1258)
Battle of Lewes -1264, results:
-Henry III dethroned
-creation of the parliament
Henry III (his life in short):
-Second Barons’ War (1258-65)
-Provisions of Oxford (1258)
-dethronisation (1264)
-back to the throne (1265)
