10. STUARTS!!!!!!!! <33333 Flashcards
Stuart Malutki?!
“Union of the crowns”
1603 -a personal union between England and Scotland
James VI of Scotland becomes…
James I of England
James I’s politics:
-absolute monarch
-divine right of kings
Three strongly marked religious groups in England:
-Anglicans (Episcopalians)
-Puritans
-Roman catholics
The Gunpowder Plot (1605) -explain
Guy Fawkes Night: James I refusal of toleration
Charles I’s reign:
-becomes involved in wars agains Spain and France,
-executed
The petition of right -explain:
The Parliament pleads to the king to give up some power
When is the Parliament resolved and what does it lead to…?
1629,
leads to Charles I being an absolute monarch
Eleven Years’ Tyranny
1629-1640
Personal Rule of Charles I
Why is Charles I forced to recall the Parliament?
Bishops’ War with Scotland
The long parliament (1640-1660) resolutions:
-parliament cannot be dissolved without its consent
-meetings every 3 years
-illegal taxes abolished
Members of the Parliament are divided into:
-Court Party (the Cavaliers)
-Country Party (the Roundheads)
What was the Grand Remonstrance?
A list of grievances from the Long Parliament to Charles I
First civil war (1642-1646):
Royalists (Charles I)
VS
Parliamentarians & Scottish Convenanters
Second civil war (1648):
Royalists (Charles I) & Scottish Engagers
VS
the Parlamentarians
Third English Civil war (1650-1651):
Royalists (Charles I) & Scots
VS
Parlamentarians
Comwellian conquest of Ireland:
1649-1653
Who did Oliver Cromwell support?
Parliamentarians (Roundheads)
Who did the Puritans support?
The Roundheads (Parliamentarians)
Oliver Cromwell’s new model army:
(for the Parliament)
professional, regularly paid, religious, RED COATS
(no rape & pillage)
The English Parliament splits into:
-Presbytarians (majority) willing to negotiate
-Independents willing to abolish monarchy
The Scottish army was also called:
The Engagers
What happens after Charles I is excecuted in 1649?
ABOLISHED: monarchy, house of lords, the Church of England
The only period in England without the monarchy:
The interregnum
(1649-1660)
Why did Oliver Cromwell invade & conquer Ireland in 1649-50?
They supported Charles II claim to the throne
Where is Charles II crowned?
Ireland, Scotland
The protectorate (1653-1660) -explain:
Cromwell’s dictatorship,
Puritans dominating England
When were the Stuarts restored?
1660
(along with the house of lords, the Church of England)
The great plague of London
1665
The Great fyre of London
1666
The Habeas Corpus Act
(1679):
Preventing illegal imprisonment
What did the exclusion crisis (1679-81) cause?
Emergence of first political parties in England
Who were the Whigs?
-supported excluding catholic James from the succession
-anti catholic
-parliamentary supremacy
Who were the Tories?
-royal prerogative
-Church of England
Characteristics of James II rule:
-absolute rule
-religious freedom
-catholics in state offices
Glorious revolution (1688-89) -explain:
Wililam of Orange & Mary take over London unopposed and throw her brother off the throne (he was catholic)
William III and Mary;s Toleration Act:
Toleration to all religions but not catholics <33
The bill of rights
1689
What did the bill of rights (1689) change?
Absolute monarchy -> Constitutional monarchy
Jacobite uprisings:
1689-90, 1715, 1719, 1745-46
What did the act of settlement (1701) prohibid?
Basically catholics on the throne or near the throne
War of the Spanish Succession
1701-1713
What did the Act of Union (1707) create?
Great Britain
(England + Scotland)
Seperate for England and Scotland:
Legal systems, churches, education
What dynasty comes after the Stuarts?
House of Hanover
