9 Bone Muscle And Joint Injuries

Question 1

If an injury is an open fracture what should it be treated as?

Answer 1

An open wound.

Question 2

What are the 4 types of bone, muscle and joint injuries?

Answer 2

Sprain
Strain
Dislocation
Fracture

Question 3

What is a strain?

Answer 3

Stretching or tearing of muscles or tendons.

Question 4

What is a sprain?

Answer 4

The stretching or tearing of ligaments at a joint.

Question 5

What is a dislocation?

Answer 5

Movement of bone outside of the normal position in a joint.

Question 6

What is a fracture?

Answer 6

Chip, crack or break in bone.

Question 7

3 signs of bone/muscle/joint injury?

Answer 7

Deformity, swelling, bruising
Limited or no use of body part.
Bone fragments through the skin.

Question 8

Send help for bone/muscle/joint injury if…(4)

Answer 8

Injuries to thigh or pelvis.
Area below is numb, pale, blue or cold.
Bone protruding.
Cannot safely move person.

Question 9

RICE stands for…

Answer 9

Rest
Immobilize
Cool
Elevate

Question 10

Remove a boot if….

Answer 10

Foot swollen and boot is a problem.
To check for circulation.
Can’t control bleeding.
Environment is safe.

Question 11

How to remove a boot?

Answer 11

Assistant stabilizes leg.
Undo laces/straps and spread boot open.
Pull tongue and slip off slowly.

Question 12

4 types of splints?

Answer 12

Anatomical (to another appendage)
Rigid
Soft
Sling

Question 13

General splint or sling principles?

Answer 13

Check below area.
Remove jewellry.
Immobilize part in situ
Extend below and above injury.
Pad slings and splints.
Monitor for effectiveness.

Question 14

Femur splint application…

Answer 14

Both legs together.
Padding.
At least 5 different bandage sites.
Pad behind knees.

Question 15

Signs of pelvic injury? (6)

Answer 15

Bruising.
External bleeding.
Loss of bladder control.
Tenderness/distension of abdomen.
Grating or crackling.
Possible loss of sensation below.

Question 16

Care for pelvic injury? (3)

Answer 16

Lay flat on back
Apply pelvic binding like thermorest.
Transport as a head/neck/spine injury.

Question 17

When should you re-align fractures?

Answer 17

Only when you have the training.
Determine bone position.
Traction above and below to re-align gently.
Splint.

Question 18

Care for shoulder dislocation?

Answer 18

Assistant holds body.
Pull upper arm out and down.
Else, hang 3-4 kg weighted arm and let gravity work.

Question 19

Care for general dislocations?

Answer 19

Fingers and toes - assistant holds and you pull to re-align.

Not recommended to re-locate other joints.