9 Bone Muscle And Joint Injuries Flashcards
If an injury is an open fracture what should it be treated as?
An open wound.
What are the 4 types of bone, muscle and joint injuries?
Sprain
Strain
Dislocation
Fracture
What is a strain?
Stretching or tearing of muscles or tendons.
What is a sprain?
The stretching or tearing of ligaments at a joint.
What is a dislocation?
Movement of bone outside of the normal position in a joint.
What is a fracture?
Chip, crack or break in bone.
3 signs of bone/muscle/joint injury?
Deformity, swelling, bruising
Limited or no use of body part.
Bone fragments through the skin.
Send help for bone/muscle/joint injury if…(4)
Injuries to thigh or pelvis.
Area below is numb, pale, blue or cold.
Bone protruding.
Cannot safely move person.
RICE stands for…
Rest
Immobilize
Cool
Elevate
Remove a boot if….
Foot swollen and boot is a problem.
To check for circulation.
Can’t control bleeding.
Environment is safe.
How to remove a boot?
Assistant stabilizes leg.
Undo laces/straps and spread boot open.
Pull tongue and slip off slowly.
4 types of splints?
Anatomical (to another appendage)
Rigid
Soft
Sling
General splint or sling principles?
Check below area. Remove jewellry. Immobilize part in situ Extend below and above injury. Pad slings and splints. Monitor for effectiveness.
Femur splint application…
Both legs together.
Padding.
At least 5 different bandage sites.
Pad behind knees.
Signs of pelvic injury? (6)
Bruising. External bleeding. Loss of bladder control. Tenderness/distension of abdomen. Grating or crackling. Possible loss of sensation below.
Care for pelvic injury? (3)
Lay flat on back
Apply pelvic binding like thermorest.
Transport as a head/neck/spine injury.
When should you re-align fractures?
Only when you have the training.
Determine bone position.
Traction above and below to re-align gently.
Splint.
Care for shoulder dislocation?
Assistant holds body.
Pull upper arm out and down.
Else, hang 3-4 kg weighted arm and let gravity work.
Care for general dislocations?
Fingers and toes - assistant holds and you pull to re-align.
Not recommended to re-locate other joints.
