4 Circulation Emergencies

Question 1

What is angina?

Answer 1

Pain in the chest often spreading to shoulders, arms and neck.

Question 2

What are the signs and symptoms of angina similar to?

Answer 2

A heart attack

Question 3

When/Why does a heart attack occur?

Answer 3

The heart cannot get enough oxygen due to a blockage in one of the cardiac arteries.

Question 4

Classic signs of a heart attack include: (5)

Answer 4

Shortness of breath
Dizziness
Nausea or vomiting
Unresponsive ness
Cool, pale, sweaty skin

Question 5

The sign of angina is:

Answer 5

Chest pain that lasts 10 minutes or less

Question 6

Immediate care for angina or heart attack?

Answer 6

Rest quietly.

Chew one regular aspirin or 2 low dose aspirin. (No substitutes)

Question 7

What type of medication may a heart attack person have with them?

Answer 7

Nitroglycerin spray.

Question 8

What is a typical stroke?

Answer 8

Blood flow to the brain is interrupted. (At any age)

Question 9

Signs of stroke (4):

Answer 9

Sudden severe headache
Dizziness or confusion
Unresponsive ness
Sudden loss of bowel or bladder control

Question 10

What does FAST stand for?

Answer 10

Face - numbness or weakness, especially one side
Arm - arm numbness or weakness, especially one side
Speech - slurred, difficulty speaking or understanding
Time - react as quickly as possible

Question 11

What is the care for a stroke?

Answer 11

Rest comfortably
Note when things started
Critical emergency

Question 12

What is life threatening (deadly) bleeding?

Answer 12

Bleeding that is difficult to stop or control

Question 13

Care for deadly bleeding is:

Answer 13

Apply firm, direct pressure on wound.
Maintain pressure and apply a dressing, bandaged in place.
If blood soaks through, add another layer of dressing and bandaging.
If direct pressure does not work, consider a tourniquet.

Question 14

Which 3 situations might require a tourniquet?

Answer 14

Direct pressure doesn’t work.
Unable to access the wound.
Must move person and cannot maintain direct pressure.

Question 15

To improvise a tourniquet, use these 5 principles:

Answer 15

Apply a wide thick bandage one hand width above injury and 2 inches above a joint.
Wrap several times around limb and knot.
Use a stick to tighten and secure the tourniquet.
Tie bandage ends to prevent unravelling.
Document the time it was tightened.

Question 16

When should you suspect internal bleeding?

Answer 16

When there has been a forceful blow to the body.

Question 17

5 signs of internal bleeding are:

Answer 17

Bruising and pain in the injured area.
Soft tissue that is tender, swollen or hard.
Blood in saliva or vomit.
Severe thirst, nausea or vomiting.
Anxiety.

Question 18

How to treat internal bleeding:

Answer 18

Rest comfortably.
Treat for shock.
Seek emergency medical attention.