8th Grade Science Test 7

Question 1

the outermost layer of the atmosphere

Answer 1

exosphere

Question 2

air flowing up a mountain’s slope due to differences in temperature and pressure

Answer 2

anabatic

Question 3

type of wind that occurs when dense, cold air flows from higher to lower elevations due to gravity

Answer 3

fall wind

Question 4

very dry and often dusty wind that blows in Southern California

Answer 4

Santa Ana

Question 5

layer of the atmosphere that “bounces” certain types of radio waves back toward the ground

Answer 5

ionosphere

Question 6

heat transfer by electromagnetic waves

Answer 6

radiation

Question 7

heat transfer by moving currents of hot air

Answer 7

convection

Question 8

a cool, gentle wind that blows from the land to the sea

Answer 8

land breeze

Question 9

the most powerful and dangerous form of UV radiation

Answer 9

UVC

Question 10

type of radiation that causes tanning and sunburns

Answer 10

UVB

Question 11

layer of the atmosphere characterized by high temperatures

Answer 11

thermosphere

Question 12

the most abundant gas in the homosphere

Answer 12

nitrogen

Question 13

the process in which the temperature of a gas rises as the gas is compressed with no heat lost

Answer 13

adiabatic heating

Question 14

the coldest point in the atmosphere

Answer 14

mesopause

Question 15

marks the upper boundary of the thermosphere

Answer 15

thermopause

Question 16

Does insolation warm water more quickly than it warms land?

Answer 16

No

Question 17

Does water hold heat longer than land does?

Answer 17

Yes

Question 18

Does insolation warm water more slowly than it warms land?

Answer 18

yes

Question 19

which rises faster–warm or cool air?

Answer 19

warm

Question 20

winds that reverse their direction from season to season

Answer 20

monsoons

Question 21

a warm, dry wind that travels down a slope

Answer 21

foehn

Question 22

Be able to label the convection cells.

Answer 22

polar cell
Ferrel cell
Hadley cell

Question 23

upper troposphere waves that play a large part in the formation of cyclones and anticyclones

Answer 23

Rossby waves

Question 24

the four main actors that affect insolation

Answer 24

cloud cover
length of daytime
angle of the sun’s rays
Earth’s distance from the sun

Question 25

the scientific name for the northern and southern lights

Answer 25

auroras

Question 26

the layer of the atmosphere that acts as a "shield" to protect the earth's surface

Answer 26

ozone layer

Question 27

least understood layer of the atmosphere

Answer 27

mesosphere

Question 28

the atmosphere's "weather layer"

Answer 28

troposphere

Question 29

strong, steady winds but few changes of weather

Answer 29

stratosphere

Question 30

portion of the earth's magnetic field that is affected by the solar winds

Answer 30

magnetosphere

Question 31

the decimal equivalent of solar radiation that an object reflects

Answer 31

albedo

Question 32

the blanket of gases that surrounds our planet

Answer 32

atmosphere

Question 33

a circulating spiral of wind around a low-pressure system

Answer 33

cyclone

Question 34

term referring to the amount of energy available to heat the earth's land, water, and air

Answer 34

energy budget

Question 35

the process that traps heat in the earth's atmosphere

Answer 35

greenhouse effect

Question 36

belt-like regions surrounding the earth that trap particles from the solar wind

Answer 36

Van Allen radiation belts

Question 37

regions of high pressure and gentle winds at 30 degrees north and south latitude

Answer 37

horse latitudes

Question 38

surface winds that blow from high-pressure regions toward the equator

Answer 38

trade winds

Question 39

equatorial zone where sailing ships were often left without wind

Answer 39

ITCZ

Question 40

high-altitude wind in a narrow, meandering band

Answer 40

jet stream

Question 41

a circulating spiral of wind around a high-pressure system

Answer 41

anticyclone

Question 42

atmosphere pressure at sea level in pounds per square inch

Answer 42

14.7

Question 43

extremely powerful radiation that comes from deep space

Answer 43

cosmic rays

Question 44

the most important greenhouse gas

Answer 44

water vapor

Question 45

the region in which a magnet affects other objects

Answer 45

magnetic field

Question 46

the lower layer of the atmosphere

Answer 46

homosphere

Question 47

Explain what the Coriolis effect s and why it occurs.

Answer 47

Please find this for yourself.