8th Grade Science Test 4

Question 1

a huge bowl-shaped depressions dug out by a valley glacier

Answer 1

cirque

Question 2

a natural ridge formed along the edge of a river’s channel

Answer 2

levee

Question 3

type of weathering involving the breaking or peeling away of rock into layers

Answer 3

exfoliation

Question 4

a pillar like structure of rock formed when the middle of a sea arch collapses

Answer 4

sea stack

Question 5

the feature formed by streams merging and flowing toward the sea as a large river

Answer 5

river system

Question 6

produced when a sea cave is eroded continually

Answer 6

sea arch

Question 7

large, deep grooves and scratches in rock, produced by glaciers

Answer 7

striae

Question 8

the piles of debris left behind when a glacier melts

Answer 8

moraines

Question 9

a low hill formed when a glacier overruns a moraine

Answer 9

drumling

Question 10

deposits of clay and silt left by a sandstorm

Answer 10

loess

Question 11

the type of weathering that occurs when rainwater soaks into cracks in a rock and freezes, splitting the rock

Answer 11

ice wedging

Question 12

when a glacier-carved valley fills with seawater, what forms?

Answer 12

fjord

Question 13

the natural acid found in rainwater and ground water, that promotes chemical weathering of rocks

Answer 13

carbonic acid

Question 14

the most important effect of wind erosion

Answer 14

deflation

Question 15

regions of the earth’s surface where limestone is exposed and abundant

Answer 15

karst regions

Question 16

ice sheets smaller than continental glaciers

Answer 16

ice caps

Question 17

a long pile of rocks deposited parallel to the shore to prevent erosion

Answer 17

breakwater

Question 18

the sharp, steeple-shaped point of a mountain with three or more cirques

Answer 18

horn

Question 19

a large, funnel-shaped depression in the ground caused by cavern collapse

Answer 19

sinkhole

Question 20

narrow, sandy islands that lie off the coast of the mainland

Answer 20

barrier islands

Question 21

the eroding action of windblown sand

Answer 21

abrasion

Question 22

suspension, saltation, and creep, in which sand transports sediments

Answer 22

aeolian processes

Question 23

the natural processes that break down rocks

Answer 23

weathering

Question 24

a spirelike mass of dripstone on the floor of a cave

Answer 24

stalagmite

Question 25

the method of erosion prevention that modifies a smooth slope into a series of level, starlike steps

Answer 25

terracing

Question 26

the carrying away of rock fragments, such as by wind or running water

Answer 26

erosion

Question 27

the type of rock most commonly associated with caverns

Answer 27

limestone

Question 28

particles too heavy to be lifted by the wind are rolled in short bursts through a process called

Answer 28

creep

Question 29

the source of a river

Answer 29

headwaters

Question 30

the sediments carried by a stream

Answer 30

load

Question 31

one of numerous streams that feed into a river at various points

Answer 31

tributary

Question 32

land that borders a river and is covered by river water in flood time

Answer 32

floodplain

Question 33

a winding, looping curve in a river on flat ground

Answer 33

meander

Question 34

lake formed when a sharp curve in a river is cut off from the rest of the river

Answer 34

oxbow lake

Question 35

fan-shaped deposit of sediments at the mouth of a river

Answer 35

delta

Question 36

region of land drained by a stream or river system

Answer 36

drainage basin

Question 37

a large stream that carries water from the mountains to the sea

Answer 37

river

Question 38

fan-shaped deposit of sediments at the mouth of a dry stream bed in the desert

Answer 38

alluvial fan

Question 39

two general types of weathering

Answer 39

chemical weathering | physical weathering

Question 40

the two major types of glaciers

Answer 40

continental glacier | valley (or alpine) glacier

Question 41

the deep cracks that develop on the surface of a glacier

Answer 41

crevasses

Question 42

limestone formations that have become filled with various passageways and large caves

Answer 42

caverns

Question 43

the main agent of chemical weathering

Answer 43

water

Question 44

a vertical face of rock that forms when the sea erodes land

Answer 44

sea cliff

Question 45

List and describe three of the five major types of mass wasting. (6 points each) I will list them. You will need to study in your book, quizzes, worksheets to describe them for studying purposes.

Answer 45

``` soil creep mudflows avalanche landslide rockfalls ```