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Earth and Space 101 > 8th Grade Science Test 4 > Flashcards

8th Grade Science Test 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

a huge bowl-shaped depressions dug out by a valley glacier

A

cirque

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2
Q

a natural ridge formed along the edge of a river’s channel

A

levee

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3
Q

type of weathering involving the breaking or peeling away of rock into layers

A

exfoliation

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4
Q

a pillar like structure of rock formed when the middle of a sea arch collapses

A

sea stack

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5
Q

the feature formed by streams merging and flowing toward the sea as a large river

A

river system

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6
Q

produced when a sea cave is eroded continually

A

sea arch

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7
Q

large, deep grooves and scratches in rock, produced by glaciers

A

striae

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8
Q

the piles of debris left behind when a glacier melts

A

moraines

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9
Q

a low hill formed when a glacier overruns a moraine

A

drumling

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10
Q

deposits of clay and silt left by a sandstorm

A

loess

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11
Q

the type of weathering that occurs when rainwater soaks into cracks in a rock and freezes, splitting the rock

A

ice wedging

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12
Q

when a glacier-carved valley fills with seawater, what forms?

A

fjord

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13
Q

the natural acid found in rainwater and ground water, that promotes chemical weathering of rocks

A

carbonic acid

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14
Q

the most important effect of wind erosion

A

deflation

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15
Q

regions of the earth’s surface where limestone is exposed and abundant

A

karst regions

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16
Q

ice sheets smaller than continental glaciers

A

ice caps

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17
Q

a long pile of rocks deposited parallel to the shore to prevent erosion

A

breakwater

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18
Q

the sharp, steeple-shaped point of a mountain with three or more cirques

A

horn

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19
Q

a large, funnel-shaped depression in the ground caused by cavern collapse

A

sinkhole

20
Q

narrow, sandy islands that lie off the coast of the mainland

A

barrier islands

21
Q

the eroding action of windblown sand

A

abrasion

22
Q

suspension, saltation, and creep, in which sand transports sediments

A

aeolian processes

23
Q

the natural processes that break down rocks

A

weathering

24
Q

a spirelike mass of dripstone on the floor of a cave

A

stalagmite

25
Q

the method of erosion prevention that modifies a smooth slope into a series of level, starlike steps

A

terracing

26
Q

the carrying away of rock fragments, such as by wind or running water

A

erosion

27
Q

the type of rock most commonly associated with caverns

A

limestone

28
Q

particles too heavy to be lifted by the wind are rolled in short bursts through a process called

A

creep

29
Q

the source of a river

A

headwaters

30
Q

the sediments carried by a stream

A

load

31
Q

one of numerous streams that feed into a river at various points

A

tributary

32
Q

land that borders a river and is covered by river water in flood time

A

floodplain

33
Q

a winding, looping curve in a river on flat ground

A

meander

34
Q

lake formed when a sharp curve in a river is cut off from the rest of the river

A

oxbow lake

35
Q

fan-shaped deposit of sediments at the mouth of a river

A

delta

36
Q

region of land drained by a stream or river system

A

drainage basin

37
Q

a large stream that carries water from the mountains to the sea

A

river

38
Q

fan-shaped deposit of sediments at the mouth of a dry stream bed in the desert

A

alluvial fan

39
Q

two general types of weathering

A

chemical weathering

physical weathering

40
Q

the two major types of glaciers

A

continental glacier

valley (or alpine) glacier

41
Q

the deep cracks that develop on the surface of a glacier

A

crevasses

42
Q

limestone formations that have become filled with various passageways and large caves

A

caverns

43
Q

the main agent of chemical weathering

A

water

44
Q

a vertical face of rock that forms when the sea erodes land

A

sea cliff

45
Q

List and describe three of the five major types of mass wasting. (6 points each) I will list them. You will need to study in your book, quizzes, worksheets to describe them for studying purposes.

A 
soil creep
mudflows
avalanche
landslide
rockfalls

Earth and Space 101 (12 decks)

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