8.3 Using Genome Projects Flashcards
1
Q
What is a genome?
A
The complete set of genetic information contained in the cells of an organism
2
Q
What is genome sequencing?
A
- Identifying the DNA base sequence of an individual
- This allows us to determine the amino acid sequence of the polypeptides coded for by that DNA
3
Q
What is a proteome?
A
The complete set of proteins that can be produced by a cell
4
Q
Can we directly translate the genome into the proteome?
A
- In simple organisms, yes,
- In complex organisms, due to the presence of non-coding DNA and regulatory genes, it is much harder to obtain the proteome
5
Q
Application of sequencing the proteome in simple organisms
A
Identifying potential antigens for use in vaccine production
6
Q
Applications of genome sequencing
A
- Comparing genomes between species to determine evolutionary relationships
- Genetic matching
- Personalised medicine
- Synthetic biology
7
Q
How have sequencing methods changed over time?
A
- Used to be a manual process, however it has become automated
- A reaction mixture is created and after the process is complete, a machine reads the base sequence