2.1 Cell Structure

Question 1

Define eukaryotic cell

Answer 1

DNA is contained in a nucleus, contains membrane bound specialised organelles

Question 2

Define prokaryotic cells

Answer 2

DNA is ‘free’ in the cytoplasm, no organelles e.g. bacteria and archaea

Question 3

State the relationship between a system and specialised cells

Answer 3

Specialised cells –> tissues that perform specific function –> organs made of several tissue types –> organ system

Question 4

What is the cell surface membrane?

Answer 4

‘Fluid mosaic’ phospholipid bilayer with extrinsic and intrinsic proteins embedded

Question 5

Describe the structure and function of the cell surface membrane

Answer 5

• Isolates cytoplasm from extracellular environment
• Selectively permeable to regulate transport of substances
• Involved in cell signalling/cell recognition