8.3

Question 1

Central DOGMA

Answer 1

DNA->RNA->Proteins

Question 2

Transcription

Answer 2

Makes RNA from DNA code.

Question 3

Transcribed DNA Strand

Answer 3

template strand

Question 4

Untranscribed DNA Stand

Answer 4

Coding Strand

Question 5

Main enzyme

Answer 5

RNA Polymerase.

Question 6

template strand is ATGCCGTAC

Answer 6

coding strand TACGGCATG

mRNA UACGGCAUG

Question 7

Promoter

Answer 7

Starts transcription, TATA, single transcription factor, RNA polymerase attach.

Question 8

Enhancer/Silencer

Answer 8

additional binding site for transcription factor, act as a switch, control if/how much RNA is made for gene.

Question 9

Exons

Answer 9

Sequence that will be present in the mRNA.

Question 10

Introns

Answer 10

will be split out and removed.

Question 11

Stage 1 Initiation

Answer 11

Binding to the promoter region. Prepare RNA polymerase to begin copy gene sequence in RNA.

Question 12

Stage 2 Elongation

Answer 12

RNA pol break free from TC. A protective 5’ strand can be added to RNA. As RNA pol copies DNA, other proteins are required to splice out introns.

Question 13

Stage 3 Termination

Answer 13

At the end of polyadenylation site, the termination sequence is recognized and cut. A poly A tail is added to the end of RNA molecules. Longer the tail, longer mRNA will be able to be in cytoplasm, more proteins can be made.

Question 14

What happens during the splicing process?

Answer 14

Edit out introns, only happen in eukaryotes, make mature RNA transcript.

Question 15

Describe alternate splicing.

Answer 15

alternate mRNA product from each gene, keep different combo of exon, different RNA sequence= different proteins.