8.1 Flashcards
What disease was Griffith researching?
Pneumonia
Griffith called the process of one strain of bacteria acquiring a factor from another bacteria:
Transformation
Avery, MacLeod and McCarty wanted to find the transforming factor in Griffith’s experiment because
Wanted to find out if proteins or DNA was the transformation factor.
Proteins were distorted with enzymes , did transformation happen without proteins
Yes
RNA was destroyed with enzymes , did transformation happen without RNA
Yes
DNA was destroyed with enzymes, did transformation happen without DNA
No
After Avery and his team discovered the transforming factor
Scientists were still sceptical that DNA was responsible for heredity
Hershey and Chase experiment independent and dependent variable are…
Independent are radioactive phosphate and sulfur. Dependent are whenever radioactive is found in bacteria.
Hershey phase 1
Label with radioactive phosphate for DNA and radioactive sulfur for proteins
Hershey phase 2
Bacteria were infected with the virus
Hershey phase 3
The culture were blended
Hershey phase 4
Bacteria infected with DNA mark viruses contain radioactive phosphate.
Chargaff rule 1
A=T C=G
Chargaff rule 2
The relative amount of ATCG varies from one species to the next for genetic diversity between species
Pyrimidine bases are
1 ring T and C
Purine bases are
2 ring A and G
Bonds hold nucleotide together to create sugar/phosphate group?
Covalent phosphodiester bonds
Bond connects the base pairs to hold the two strands together.
Hydrogen bond.
Which bond is weaker
Hydrogen.
Nucleotides are bonded from phosphate to sugar between __ and __ carbons
3’ and 5’
The strands in DNA are Antiparallel. What does that mean?
Complementry strands in opposite directions.
Only DNA have…
Thymine, H on pentose sugar, deoxyribose sugar, double strand, store information, A-T.
Both DNA and RNA have
Phosphate groups, Nitrogen bases A C G, Pentose sugar, C and G goes together.
Only RNA have…
Uracil, OH of pentose sugar, ribose, single strand, A-U, mRNA tempoary carrier, tRNA and ribsomes which do protein synthesis.
