8.2 Flashcards
Which of the following would most likely happen with damage to the prefrontal cortex? A. Inability to move B. Loss of somatosensory experiences C. Poorly planned movements D. No effect on movement
C. Poorly planned movements
Longer stimulation (1/2 sec) of the arm region of a monkey’s motor cortex results in:
A. brief muscle twitches of the arm.
B. repetitive muscle twitches of the fingers.
C. a fixed set of muscle movements such as contraction of the biceps.
D. a fixed outcome using different muscle movements depending on the initial position of the arm.
D. a fixed outcome using different muscle movements depending on the initial position of the arm.
The nuclei of the cerebellum (as opposed to the cerebellar cortex) are most important in:
A. moving a finger rapidly toward a target.
B. holding a finger in a steady position.
C. using the hands to lift heavy weights.
D. coordinating the left hand with the right hand.
B. holding a finger in a steady position.
The cerebellum appears to be critical for: A. motor behaviors only. B. certain aspects of attention. C. judging which tone is louder. D. controlling the force of a movement.
B. certain aspects of attention.
A quick typist would rely heavily on the \_\_\_\_ cortex to organize smooth sequences of finger movements. A. supplementary motor B. premotor C. prefrontal D. occipital
A. supplementary motor
The structure composed of the caudate nucleus, putamen, and globus pallidus is the: A. basal ganglia. B. limbic system. C. cerebellum. D. sympathetic nervous system.
A. basal ganglia.
Cerebellum is to ____ as basal ganglia are to ____.
A. clumsy; paralysis
B. initiation; stopping
C. gross muscle function; fine motor coordination
D. timing; voluntary movements
D. timing; voluntary movements
Which behaviors would most likely be impaired by damage to the dorsolateral tract? A. Writing a check B. Walking C. Standing D. Digesting food
A. Writing a check
The prefrontal cortex:
A. is the main area for touch and other body information.
B. keeps track of the position of the body relative to the world.
C. is active during preparations for a movement and less active during movement itself.
D. responds to lights, noises, and other signals for a movement.
D. responds to lights, noises, and other signals for a movement.
Very brief electrical stimulation of the motor cortex results in: A. relaxation. B. muscle twitching. C. laughing. D. complex, coordinated movements.
B. muscle twitching.
The number of Purkinje cells activated determines the \_\_\_\_ of the resulting movement. A. speed B. power C. duration D. accuracy
C. duration
The tract that includes many axons from the primary motor cortex, the reticular formation, and the vestibular nucleus is the: A. pyramids of the medulla. B. ventromedial tract. C. dorsolateral tract. D. cerebellar tract.
B. ventromedial tract.
Speaking, piano playing, athletic skills, and other rapid movements would be most impaired by damage to which structure? A. Reticular formation B. Cerebellum C. Ventromedial hypothalamus D. Parasympathetic nervous system
B. Cerebellum
The premotor cortex:
A. is the main area for touch and other body information.
B. keeps track of the position of the body relative to the world.
C. is active during preparations for a movement and less active during movement itself.
D. responds to lights, noises, and other signals for a movement.
C. is active during preparations for a movement and less active during movement itself.
order to elicit movement, the motor cortex:
A. has direct connections to the muscles.
B. sends axons to the brainstem and spinal cord.
C. controls isolated movement in a single muscle.
D. relies on feedback from individual muscle fibers.
B. Sends axons to the brainstem and spinal cord.
