10.2 Flashcards
Eating salty potato chips increases the concentration of sodium in the: A. extracellular fluid. B. intracellular fluid. C. nuclear fluid. D. osmotic fluid.
A. extracellular fluid
After a loss of blood volume, an animal will:
A. drink whatever it can find, indiscriminately.
B. drink a great deal of pure water.
C. drink excessively concentrated saltwater.
D. alternately drink pure water and excessively concentrated saltwater.
.
After a loss of blood volume, an animal will:
A. drink whatever it can find, indiscriminately.
B. drink a great deal of pure water.
C. drink excessively concentrated saltwater.
D. alternately drink pure water and excessively concentrated saltwater.
D. alternately drink pure water and excessively concentrated saltwater.
Hypovolemia induces thirst by inducing production of which hormone? A. CCK B. Insulin C. Prolactin D. Angiotensin II
.
Hypovolemia induces thirst by inducing production of which hormone? A. CCK B. Insulin C. Prolactin D. Angiotensin II
D. Angiotensis II
What effect does the hormone angiotensin II have? A. increased storage of food as fat B. constriction of blood vessels C. decreased emptying of the stomach D. increased growth of the gonads
B. constriction of blood vessels
The rate at which the posterior pituitary releases vasopressin is under the control of the:
A. lateral preoptic area of the hypothalamus.
B. supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei.
C. subfornical organ.
D. thalamus.
B. supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei
The areas important for detecting osmotic pressure and the salt content of the blood include: A. substantia nigra. B. red nucleus. C. ventromedial hypothalamus. D. OVLT and subfornical organ.
D. OVLT and subfornical organ
Sodium-specific hunger is closely associated with: A. osmotic thirst. B. hypovolemic thirst. C. the OVLT. D. decreased renin release.
B. hypovolemic thirst
The lateral preoptic area and surrounding parts of the hypothalamus control: A. CCK levels. B. hunger. C. drinking. D. vasopressin levels.
C. drinking
The hormone aldosterone results in the: A. conservation of water. B. excretion of sodium. C. conservation of sodium. D. decreased preference for salty tastes.
C. conservatation of sodium
Vasopressin raises blood pressure by:
A. causing the blood vessels to dilate.
B. constricting the blood vessels.
C. increasing the blood’s salt concentration.
D. decreasing the blood’s salt concentration.
B. constricting the blood vessels
Diabetes insipidus literally means "passing without taste" because the urine is produced in such large quantities that it is tasteless. This disease is most likely caused by a problem with the production or release of: A. renin. B. vasopressin. C. angiotensinogen. D. prostaglandins.
B. vasopressin
The tendency of water to flow across a semipermeable membrane from the area of low solute concentration to the area of higher concentration is termed: A. hypovolemic pressure. B. hypovolemic thirst. C. osmotic pressure. D. OVLT.
C. osmotic pressure
A loss of blood will lead to what kind of thirst? A. Osmotic B. Non-homeostatic C. Hypovolemic D. Postprandial
C. hypovolemic
What is the hormone released by the posterior pituitary that causes your kidneys to reabsorb and conserve water? A. antidiuretic hormone B. insulin C. luteinizing hormone D. oxytocin
A. antidiuretic hormone
Consuming too much salt will trigger \_\_\_\_ thirst. Bleeding or heavy sweating will trigger \_\_\_\_ thirst. A. sympathetic, parasympathetic B. parasympathetic, sympathetic C. osmotic, hypovolemic D. hypovolemic, osmotic
C.osmotic, hypovolemic
What kind of thirst is produced by an increased concentration of solutes in the blood? A. Postprandial B. Hypovolemic C. Non-homeostatic D. Osmotic
D. Osmotic
What is caused by a high concentration of solutes outside the cells? A. increase in blood pressure B. water flows into the cells C. water flows out of the cells D. excretion of diluted urine
C. water flows out of the cells
A rat with damage to its lateral preoptic area:
A. drinks a lot of water.
B. drinks only to wash down its food.
C. has normal osmotic thirst but impaired hypovolemic thirst.
D. has impaired osmotic thirst.
D. has impaired osmotic thirst
Aldosterone and angiotensin II together change the properties of \_\_\_\_, neurons in the nucleus of the tractus solitarius. A. renin receptors B. sodium receptors C. smell receptors D. taste receptors
D. taste receptors
The areas around the third ventricle can detect chemicals circulating in the blood because:
A. these areas are not protected by a blood-brain barrier.
B. these areas have low concentrations of solutes themselves.
C. there is so much more blood here than anywhere else in the brain.
D. these cells maintain a higher internal temperature than the rest of the body.
A. these areas are not protected by a blood-brain barrier.
The effect of an injection of a drug that blocks angiotensin II receptors would be: A. decreased hunger. B. decreased drinking. C. increased drinking. D. increased blood pressure.
B. decreased drinking
Approximately what percent of the mammalian body is composed of water? A. 10% B. 20% C. 50% D. 70%
D. 70%
After an increase in the solute concentrations in the body, you will experience: A. a set point. B. osmotic thirst. C. hypovolemic thirst. D. hunger.
B. osmotic thirst
What is the cause of osmotic thirst? A. dryness of the throat B. the availability of tasty fluids C. low blood volume D. increased concentration of solutes in the blood
D. increased concentration of solutes in the blood
Aldosterone triggers:
A. conservation of water.
B. an increased preference for salty tastes.
C. excretion of sodium.
D. a decreased preference for salty tastes.
B. an increased preference for salty tastes.
The two types of thirst are \_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_. A. osmotic thirst; hypervolemic thirst B. osmotic thirst; hypovolemic thirst C. hypovolemic thirst; set point thirst D. vasopressin thirst; osmotic thirst
B. osmotic thirst, hypovolemic thirst
Like vasopressin, \_\_\_\_ constricts the blood vessels, compensating for the drop in blood pressure. A. angiotensin I B. angiotensin II C. renin D. sodium
B. antiotensin II
