8.15 Bones 2 Flashcards
fx healing
time frame: inflammation
hours
What happens during inflammation?
- hematoma
- fibrin/collagen laid down
fx healing
2-3 days
- formation of procallus
- osteoclasts/osteoblasts infiltrate
When does the true callous form?
1-2 weeks
fx healing: 6-8 weeks
standard time for immobilization
How long does remodeling continue to happen following a fx?
3-4 years
bone strength post-fx
In a normal, healthy individual, strength will return to what it was before the fx
Causes for improper healing
- diet
- vitamins
- smoking
- infection
- blood supply
- diabetes
- menopause
- WB status
- steroids
improper healing: vitamins
- calcium
- magnesium
- vitamin D
need to be in the right balances
When does peak bone density occur?
25-30 y.o.
When is the greatest bone density loss for women?
first 5 years after menopause
WORST at risk person for OP
- female
- fair skinned
- small stature
- smokes
- alcoholic
- poor diet
- steroids
- immobile/sedentary lifestyle
- post-menopausal
- shorter fertile period
post-menopausal and hysterectomy
only counts if it’s a full hysterectomy (ovaries removed)
Dexa scan is based on
t-scores
Dexa scan is based on
t-scores (standard deviations)
dexa scan values: normal
(-0.99, 0)
dexa scan values: osteopenia
(-2.49, -1)
dexa scan values: osteoporosis
Less than -2.5
bracing in a compression fx
- strapping holds everything a little tighter, compression feels better
- doesn’t prevent a ton of movement
compression fx: bed mobility
usually use log roll
compression fx: bed mobility
usually use log roll
What are some outpatient things to consider for people with compression fx?
- posture
- fall recovery
- cardiovascular
- strengthening
- bed mobility
- balance
- ADLs
- body mechanics
- aquatic therapy
outpatient ortho: postural considerations for OP and compression fx
- not going to change the kyphotic curve
- Think about where the majority of their body weight is
outpatient considerations for OP/compression fx: assistive devices
- correct height and closeness of walker
- shouldn’t have a rollator
Who needs to have fall recovery?
- total hip
- total knee
- hip fx
core strengthening for OP/compression fx
- engage core in neutral spine
- bird dog
How should you structure balance exercises?
should always be on the edge of a near fall
- for balance and dressing
Benefits to using aquatic therapy for an OP/compression fx
- strengthening in all planes
- compression of the water feels better
- helps with balance
- helps with pain, fear, confidence, etc.
function: bone
structure
function: ligaments
- stability
- reinforce capsule
- limit/guide movement
function: synovium/capsule
- fluid (lubrication)
- nutrition
- stability
function: cartilage
- shock absorption
- joint congruency
function: muscle
- movement
- stability
- reflexes (protection)
