8 Work-related stress and well-being

Question 1

(overordnet)

3 approaches of work-related stress

Answer 1

Structural approaches

Transactional approaches

Resource-based approaches

Question 2

(overordnet)

Konsekvenser av stress

Answer 2

Organisatorisk

Fysisk og psykisk helse

Fysiologiske

Health related behaviour

Question 3

(overordnet)

Question 4

(overordnet)

faktorer som påvirker stress og velvære

Answer 4

Individuelle forskjeller

Situasjonelle faktorer

Question 5

(overordnet)

Intervensjoner mot work-related-stress

Answer 5

Primary interventions

secondary interventions

Tartiary interventions

Question 6

Positiv psykologi og Saligman had opinions abot the concept___ ______

Answer 6

Well-beeing

Question 7

3 stages of Hans Selyes General Adaption Syndrome (GAS)

Answer 7

Alarm reaction

Resistance

Exhaustion

Question 8

3 Models under the tructural approach to work related stress

Answer 8

JDC-M:The job demands control-model, Karasek (kvantitativt og kvalitativt stress)
- strain hypotheisi, buffering hypothesis, social support

Person-environment-fit model & Mitchigang model (same) AKS fit
- psykolog stressa hvis må fikse bil

Vitamin model
- strukturell støtte bra i små doser

Question 9

2 models under the transactional approach to work related stress

Answer 9

Lazarus & Folkman
- primary (problem? threath?)
- secondary (can I cope?)
- tartiary apparaisal (how did it go? self afficacy)

Effort–reward imbalance (ERI) model, Sieglist
- unfairness
- well supported

Question 10

2 models under the resource-based approach to work related stress

Answer 10

Job-demand-resource model, JD-R
- Demand –> stress
- Utfordring –> engasjement (vigour, dedikasjon, absorbsjon)
- god støtte, også utenfor jobb faktorer spiller inn

DISC, Demand induced strain compensation model
- Good match between: “emotional, cognitive and physical” recourses with demand = bra

Question 11

Ways to measure psychological and physical health

Answer 11

General Health Questionnaire (GHQ)

The Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI)

World Health Organisation’s Well-Being Index (WHO-5)

The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI)
- emotional exhaistion, helsepersonell

Question 12

A problem with Physiological measures?

Answer 12

Construct validity

Question 13

Example of maladaptive healthrelated behaviour

Answer 13

Alcohol

Question 14

Positive posychological well-being (PPWB) works as a buffer against disease.

4 theories of well-being

Answer 14

Broaden and Built theory
- positive spiral, PPWB from a thankyou can make you feel good
and work harder

Flow Theory, Csikszentmihalyi

Goal setting theory, purpose

Saligmans 5 om velvære
- engasjement, relasjon, måloppnåelse, pos. følelser

Question 15

Studying only the absence or presence of stress overlooks issues such as enjoinment or thriving at work. Describe other affect and emotion relevant

Answer 15

Question 16

Individuelle faktorer som påvirker stress & velvære

Answer 16

Personlighet, p. fleksibilitet, resiliens

Kognitiv stil, locus of control, self-efficacy, self-esteem

Clusters of individual differences, psychological capital (PsyCap) = optimism, efficacy and resilience

Core-self-evaluation CSE

Demografi, eldre mindre stressa pga erfaring

Question 17

Coping strategies include

Answer 17

analysing the situation,
planning a course of action,
seeking information from others,
seeking support and comfort from others,
relaxation techniques,
counselling and maladaptive coping strategies

Skiller mellom:

problem-focused strategies

emotion-focused strategies

Question 18

8 Situasjonelle faktorer som påvirker stress & velvære

Answer 18

Krav
-arbeidsmengde, arbeidstid, emosjonell belastning, work-life balance, arbeidsledighet, underload (airtraffic controllers) og overkvalifiserte

Kontroll
- individuelle forskjeller

Lederstøtte

Rolle på jobb (rollekonflikt, utydelighet)

organisatorisk forankring

Organisasjonskultur

Mobbing

Kollegastøtte

Question 19

_______ interventions forsøker å bekjempe stress som kommer fra situasjonelle faktorer.

Answer 19

Primary

Question 20

Arbeidsplasser kan være vanskelig å forandre, så ________ interventions forsøker å styrke ansattes psykologiske resurser.
Et populært kurs er ___ ____ ____. Other strategies/kurs?

Answer 20

Secondary

Stress management training (SMT)

Mindfulness

Cognitiv atferdsterapi

Avslappingsøvelser

Question 21

Which strategy is most effective to combat work-related stress?

Answer 21

Studies of intervention effectiveness indicate that, on average:

Secondary stress management interventions with a
cognitive–behavioural element and
relaxation interventions are the most effective.

Care should be taken when interpreting these findings because the paucity of research regarding other types of intervention makes rigorous analysis difficult.

Question 22

Many experts recommend that each organisation follows a systematic problem-solving approach to the management of employee well-being. Nielsen and Noblet (2018) identify five important stress management intervention phases that have been used in a range of different countries and organisations. The specific phases are:

Answer 22

Question 23

Answer 23

Tankeklart