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French Revolution to WWI > 8. The Rise of New Political & Economic Ideologies (1800s-1900s) > Flashcards

8. The Rise of New Political & Economic Ideologies (1800s-1900s) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary ideology that emerged as a response to the Industrial Revolution?

A

Socialism

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2
Q

True or False: Liberalism advocates for limited government intervention in the economy.

A

True

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3
Q

Fill in the blank: _______ is the economic system characterized by private ownership and free markets.

A

Capitalism

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4
Q

Which political ideology emphasizes collective ownership and the redistribution of wealth?

A

Socialism

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5
Q

What movement sought to improve workers’ rights and conditions during the 1800s?

A

Labor movement

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6
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following ideologies is associated with extreme nationalism? A) Liberalism B) Socialism C) Fascism D) Anarchism

A

C) Fascism

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7
Q

What is the main goal of communism?

A

To create a classless society

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8
Q

True or False: The Enlightenment influenced the development of new political ideologies in the 1800s.

A

True

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9
Q

Which economic ideology advocates for government control of the means of production?

A

Socialism

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10
Q

Fill in the blank: _______ is the belief in the rights and freedoms of individuals over the collective.

A

Liberalism

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11
Q

What was one of the key critiques of capitalism presented by Karl Marx?

A

It leads to class struggle and inequality.

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12
Q

Multiple Choice: Which ideology is characterized by the rejection of all forms of hierarchical authority? A) Liberalism B) Socialism C) Anarchism D) Conservatism

A

C) Anarchism

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13
Q

What is the economic theory that advocates for minimal government intervention and free markets?

A

Laissez-faire capitalism

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14
Q

True or False: Marxism is a form of socialism that emphasizes class struggle.

A

True

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15
Q

Which ideology emerged in the late 19th century focusing on social justice and welfare?

A

Progressivism

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16
Q

Fill in the blank: The _______ Party was formed in the United States in the 1890s to represent the interests of farmers and laborers.

A

Populist

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17
Q

What was the primary focus of the women’s suffrage movement in the late 1800s?

A

To secure the right to vote for women.

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18
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of socialism? A) Public ownership B) Profit motive C) Economic planning D) Redistribution of wealth

A

B) Profit motive

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19
Q

True or False: Nationalism often promotes the interests of a particular nation above others.

A

True

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20
Q

What economic ideology emerged as a response to the perceived failures of capitalism in the late 19th century?

A

Socialism

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21
Q

Fill in the blank: _______ is the political ideology that seeks to conserve traditional institutions and values.

A

Conservatism

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22
Q

Which document, published by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, outlines the principles of communism?

A

The Communist Manifesto

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23
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following was a significant event that influenced the rise of socialism? A) The American Revolution B) The French Revolution C) The Industrial Revolution D) The Civil War

A

C) The Industrial Revolution

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24
Q

What is the term for the economic system where the government owns and controls production?

A

Socialism

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25
Q

True or False: Anarchism supports the establishment of a strong central government.

A

False

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26
Q

Fill in the blank: _______ is a political ideology that advocates for the protection of individual rights and freedoms.

A

Liberalism

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27
Q

What was one of the main goals of the labor movement in the 1800s?

A

To improve working conditions and wages.

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28
Q

Multiple Choice: Which ideology is often associated with the ideas of John Stuart Mill? A) Conservatism B) Liberalism C) Socialism D) Nationalism

A

B) Liberalism

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29
Q

Which economic ideology promotes the idea of a free market with minimal government interference?

A

Capitalism

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30
Q

True or False: Progressivism emerged as a response to the challenges of modern industrial society.

A

True

31
Q

What is the primary concern of anarchist ideology?

A

The abolition of all forms of government.

32
Q

Fill in the blank: _______ is the belief that the state should take an active role in economic and social issues.

A

Progressivism

33
Q

What is the significance of the phrase ‘workers of the world, unite!’?

A

It calls for international solidarity among the working class.

34
Q

Multiple Choice: Which ideology supports the idea of a class struggle? A) Liberalism B) Conservatism C) Socialism D) Nationalism

A

C) Socialism

35
Q

True or False: Liberalism originated during the Enlightenment period.

A

True

36
Q

Fill in the blank: _______ is the economic system where production is privately owned and operated for profit.

A

Capitalism

37
Q

What was a major criticism of industrial capitalism during the 19th century?

A

It created vast inequalities and poor working conditions.

38
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a key principle of Marxism? A) Individualism B) Class struggle C) Free market D) National sovereignty

A

B) Class struggle

39
Q

Which political ideology advocates for gradual reform rather than revolution?

A

Social Democracy

40
Q

True or False: The Populist movement primarily represented the interests of urban industrial workers.

A

False

41
Q

Fill in the blank: _______ is the economic theory that emphasizes the role of government in correcting market failures.

A

Keynesian economics

42
Q

What did the suffragette movement aim to achieve?

A

Women’s right to vote.

43
Q

Multiple Choice: Which ideology believes in a free market but also supports social welfare programs? A) Liberalism B) Conservatism C) Socialism D) Social Democracy

A

D) Social Democracy

44
Q

True or False: The concept of nationalism became prominent in the 19th century.

A

True

45
Q

Fill in the blank: _______ is the political belief that the government should play a minimal role in the economy.

A

Laissez-faire

46
Q

What is the term for the movement advocating for the interests of the working class?

A

Labor movement

47
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following was a major influence on the development of socialism? A) The Enlightenment B) The Industrial Revolution C) The Renaissance D) The Reformation

A

B) The Industrial Revolution

48
Q

True or False: Capitalism is based on the principle of private property.

A

True

49
Q

Fill in the blank: _______ is the political ideology that opposes socialism and advocates for free markets.

A

Liberalism

50
Q

What was one of the main ideas of John Stuart Mill?

A

The importance of individual liberty.

51
Q

Multiple Choice: Which ideology is most associated with the idea of a ‘dictatorship of the proletariat’? A) Liberalism B) Conservatism C) Socialism D) Fascism

A

C) Socialism

52
Q

True or False: The term ‘bourgeoisie’ refers to the working class in Marxist theory.

A

False

53
Q

Fill in the blank: The _______ movement aimed to address the social issues caused by industrialization.

A

Progressive

54
Q

What is the primary goal of a welfare state?

A

To provide social safety nets and support for citizens.

55
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following ideologies typically opposes immigration? A) Liberalism B) Conservatism C) Socialism D) Anarchism

A

B) Conservatism

56
Q

True or False: The concept of ‘manifest destiny’ is associated with American nationalism.

A

True

57
Q

Fill in the blank: _______ is a form of government where the state controls all aspects of life and economy.

A

Totalitarianism

58
Q

What was the primary purpose of the labor unions formed during the 1800s?

A

To protect the rights and interests of workers.

59
Q

Multiple Choice: Which ideology focuses on the collective rather than the individual? A) Liberalism B) Socialism C) Conservatism D) Capitalism

A

B) Socialism

60
Q

True or False: Anarchists believe in the necessity of a governing body.

A

False

61
Q

Fill in the blank: _______ is an economic system where exchanges are made in a free market without government interference.

A

Capitalism

62
Q

What was a significant outcome of the 19th-century labor movement?

A

The establishment of labor laws and rights.

63
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following thinkers is most associated with the development of socialism? A) Adam Smith B) Karl Marx C) John Locke D) Thomas Hobbes

A

B) Karl Marx

64
Q

True or False: Socialism seeks to eliminate all forms of private property.

A

False

65
Q

Fill in the blank: _______ is the belief that government should intervene to promote social justice.

A

Progressivism

66
Q

What is the significance of the term ‘proletariat’ in Marxist theory?

A

It refers to the working class.

67
Q

Multiple Choice: Which ideology is based on the idea of limited government and individual rights? A) Socialism B) Liberalism C) Fascism D) Anarchism

A

B) Liberalism

68
Q

True or False: The rise of nationalism in the 19th century was a unifying force in many countries.

A

True

69
Q

Fill in the blank: _______ is the economic theory that advocates for government intervention in the economy during recessions.

A

Keynesian economics

70
Q

What was a major change in political thought during the 1800s?

A

The rise of ideologies like socialism, liberalism, and nationalism.

71
Q

Multiple Choice: Which ideology promotes the idea of a classless society achieved through revolution? A) Liberalism B) Socialism C) Communism D) Conservatism

A

C) Communism

72
Q

True or False: Social democracy combines elements of socialism and capitalism.

A

True

73
Q

Fill in the blank: The _______ movement sought to address the issues of poverty and inequality in society.

A

Progressive

74
Q

What is the primary focus of socialists?

A

To promote social ownership and equality.

French Revolution to WWI (9 decks)

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