8 - rural management and challenges of continuity/change Flashcards

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1
Q

what can be used to manage rural change

A
  • community land trusts
  • FDI

stakeholders (government, local groups, external agencies) involved in managing issues

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2
Q

why have rural areas experienced counterurbanisation since 1980s

A
  • perceived advantages of rural life ‘rural idyll’ (less crowded, open space, quieter, more community)
  • increased access to city from rural areas due to transportation developments
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3
Q

who drives counter urbanisation

A

EARLY RETIREES - early retirement = elderly seeking to spend retirement in rural environment eg devon cornwall norfolk suffolk
TOURISM ENTREPRENEURS - rising incomes = increased leisure and savings used to establish hotels, tea rooms, theme parks etc
RURAL ‘TELEWORKERS’ - high technology work means less need for the city
PUBLIC SECTOR WORKERS - influx in population = need for employment eg education health retail
ARTISTS AND ALTERNATIVE LIFESTYLES - many migrated to rural areas and adopt self sufficient lifestyle

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4
Q

what divide exists between rural and urban areas

A

DIGITAL DIVIDE - access to internet, phone coverage because:

  • physical coverage less and urban areas prioritised as more customers
  • high proportion of elderly in rural don’t know how to access tech
  • poverty as many cannot afford access
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5
Q

why is the digital divide an issue

A
  • unequal access to services
  • work opportunities often advertised online
  • social exclusion eg facebook vs landline
  • lack of access puts off youth so ageing population in rural areas diminishing counterurbanisation
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6
Q

what is post production

A

shift from maximising agricultural yields by traditional farming to sustainable organic food production and diversification into leisure, tourism and high tech activities

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7
Q

what benefits can in-migration bring to rural areas

A
  • local services dont have to dip below threshold
  • incomers may be effective lobbyists who campaign for more regional aid and business grants
  • incomer entrepreneurs bring skills with them and establish new businesses requiring workers
  • youth incomers offset ageing population effect that rural areas suffer from helping schools stay open
  • incomers have capital that is needed to invest into ageing properties and protect them
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8
Q

what is rural rebranding

A

process by which rural areas attempt to revitalise to provide for a secure and prosperous future for inhabitants

helps people become aware of existence of new place products and recognise beenfits, style and culture

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9
Q

why is rebranding needed in rural areas

A
  • post productive
  • rural areas often characterised by rural idyll or depopulation and ageing population so need to reposition themselves as centres of leisure and amenity rather than agriculture
  • rural rebranding often achieved by strengthening farming economy by diversification
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10
Q

what are problems involved with rural rebranding

A
  • changes the character of an area bringing up controversy as might result in importation of wealthy residents, business infrastructures and cultural and leisure facilities
  • disregarding imagery connected with heritage can be negative as rural landscape fundamental resources
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11
Q

what happened in Longnor

A

the village services declined affecting rural quality of life

  • transport was affected as private car ownership, rail cuts and bus privatisation affected public transport
  • the influence of technology is clear as internet allows people to work from home so these are now ‘electronic cottages’
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12
Q

what were the effects of the recent changes in Longnor

A
  • the major effect of counter- urbanisation is a number of the services in the area were forced to close
  • majority of people moving into areas commute to work every day so use shops and services in the urban areas where they work
  • the secondary school was shut and made solely into a primary school
  • demand for parking = former village green become a central car-parking area
  • main function of village shifted from farming to leisure
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13
Q

what were Longnor’s responses to decline

A
  • integrated rural development (IRD) projects and rural development commission (RDC) grants
  • three goals of introducing business enterprises, promoting tourism and improving local amenities and housing
  • market hall renovated to house a craft centre and tea-shop to employ local people and attract tourists
  • pub granted money so it could conform to fire regulations and open as a B&B
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14
Q

how many people dont have access to IT

A

around 30% of homes lack any kind of access to ICT. As many as 10 million British citizens have never been online and of these 4 million are classified as “highly disadvantaged” individuals.

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15
Q

reasons for UK digital divide

A
  • affordability
  • accessibility
  • motivation (dont think they have a need)
  • skills (older people dont want to feel behind)
  • moral panic (child e-safety)
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