1 - changing places relationships and connections

Question 1

what is defined as a sense of ’place’

Answer 1

a portion of geographic space to which meaning has been given by people and this meaning and importance can change over time

Question 2

what is involved with the concept of place

Answer 2

concept is made of - location, locale, and sense of place

Question 3

a sense of place according to Doreen Massey

Answer 3

Doreen Massey argues that places are shaped by internal and external linkages which bind local together with global

her concept of global sense of place illuminates ways in which places are made and remade in age of globalisation

Question 4

what is an example of an immediate change in meaning of place

Answer 4

AUSCHWITZ

all places change and Oswiecim was a polish market town before used for a death camp meaning and significance changed dramatically

Question 5

what influences a persons interpretation and feeling of a place

Answer 5

PERSONAL CONNECTIONS (family holiday home)
INTERPRETATIONS OF BEAUTY (eg nature vs built environments
PERSONALITY (rural vs urban)
HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL FACTORS (eg migration religion etc)
EARLY EXPERIENCES OF PLACES (positive/negative memories)
AGE
EDUCATION
ETHNICITY

Question 6

what are demographic characteristics

Answer 6

• age/gender/ethnicity ratios
• birth/death rates
• infant mortality/fertility/teenage pregnancy/migration rates
• life expectancy
• population density

Question 7

what are cultural characteristics

Answer 7

• languages
• religion
• cultural transport methods
• how money is exchanged
• fashion
• food preferences

Question 8

what are socio-economic characteristics

Answer 8

• education/income/poverty levels
• employment proportions
• employment types
• levels of health/sanitation access

Question 9

how is a persons identity defined

Answer 9

layered depending on cultural, demographic and socio-economic background

Question 10

what is globalisation

Answer 10

increasing economic, political and social interconnectedness of places and people because of increased trade, transport, infrastructure, communication and cultural exchange

Question 11

how do shifting flows of connections between people influence the character of a place through MNC’s being more prevalent

Answer 11

• commodity and capital flows = increased wealth changing physical, demographic, cultural characteristics of place
• industrialisation/deindustrialisation
• environmental decline
• fast food chains shaping healthcare demographics
• clone town
• cultural homogeneity
• changed employment structures

Question 12

what is migration- immigration, emigration, rural-urban

Answer 12

MIGRATION - movement of people between or within countries influencing demographic, socio-economic, cultural characteristics of a place

immigration - movement of people INTO country/area
emigration - movement of people OUT country/area
rural-urban movement of people from rural to urban areas

Question 13

what are spatial variations

Answer 13

• in MEDC’s differences exist between long established, wealthier communities
• working populations move to economic centres eg london and older people move to rural areas for retirement

Question 14

how does migration shape an area

Answer 14

• shapes services/provision in area to meet cultural demand of migrants
• influence demographics, greater proportion of migrants move to area to make use of rare service can dominate cultural practices

Question 15

how do shifting flows of people influence the character of a place

Answer 15

• changing proportions of people can shape perceptions some have of a place = social tension particularly in areas of lower SES

Question 16

how do shifting flows of money/investment influence character of place

Answer 16

• changes in wealth can affect employment structure in area
• FDI can cause building construction and building improvements in a place, which causes gentrification and new businesses entering areas
• this can influence transport links/types

Question 17

how does the development of technology change a place

Answer 17

• developments in structural engineering can change nature of buildings in area
• fibre optic cables and broadband change nature of where businesses can locate and nature of high street
• developments in ICT changes employment structures
• proportions of people employed in quaternary sector changes

Question 18

how do shifting flows of ideas influence characters of places

Answer 18

• ideas between nations = rapid changes in industrialisation in many nations and rapid advancements in healthcare provisions
• influenced demographics as a result

Question 19

what shapes the character of a place

Answer 19

• physical geography (topography, geology, climate)
• demographic, socio-economic, cultural characteristics shaped by local, national, regional, international geography
• changing flows and connections between people, resources, money, investment