8 Hepatisis Flashcards
What is hepatitis?
Inflammation of the Liver
What does prothrombin time measure?
How long blood takes to clot - extrinsic pathway
What makes a virus a hepatitis virus?
Replication in hepatocytes
Causes direct destruction of hepatocytes
What genome does HepB have?
dsDNA
What genome does HepC have?
ssRNA
What is jaundice?
High levels of bilirubin
Yellow skin
Where is haem broken down?
Broken down in spleen by RES
What reaction does it have to undergo to be excreted to the urine?
Conjugation
What are the three types of jaundice?
Pre-hepatic
Intra-hepatic
Extra-hepatic
What is the major cause of pre-hepatic?
Haemolysis
What is the major cause of intrahepatic?
Disease to the parenchymal cells
- vira hep
What is the main cause of extrahepatic?
Obstruction of the billary passage
What test indicates hepatocyte damage?
Alanine transaminase levels
and AST
Why is PT an indication of liver function?
Clotting factors are made in the liver?
What does PT measure?
extrinsic pathway
How do you distinguish between haemolysis and cholestatis?
Haemolysis has a raised haemolgobin level
What is the commonest transmission of HepB?
Vetical transmission
What are the symotoms of HepB infection?
Jaundice Fatigue Abdominal pain Anorexia/Nausea/Vomiting Arthralgia
What sort of person is acute Hep B infection most likely to become chronic?
Becomes chronic in 90% of people who are infected in childhood
What are the 3 antigens seen in HepB infection?
Surface antigen
E-antigen
Core antigen
Presence of what antigen says the disease is highly contagious?
E antigen
What is the first detectable antigen in the body?
Surface antigen
What is the definition of Hep B infection?
Persistence of HBsAg for 6 months
What can Chronic hep b lead to
Cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma